The Research Of Paddy Water-Saving Irrigation Based On Wireless Sensor Networks

Agriculture as China’s major water users, water consumption accounts for about70%of the total water resources, agricultural waste of water is very serious, the water efficiency of irrigation, with an average of only about45%, China’s water resources are already in short supply level, therefore achieving the water The rational use of resources is the key to China’s realization of "precision agriculture".Traditional rice irrigation technology is to meet the rice physiological and ecological water requirement for the target, using flooding irrigation etc., irrigation water, low water use efficiency in recent years made a shallow, wet drying the combination of irrigation technology, so that the rice yield has increased, but the irrigation quota remains high.Traditional rice irrigation methods mainly rely on human experience to the implementation of irrigation, a great waste of water resources. In order to improve the utilization of irrigation water to ease the growing tension of water resources contradiction on the basis of access to large amounts of water-saving irrigation of rice literature, understand the different water requirement of rice at different growth stages, you can water-saving irrigation physiological precision irrigation control system to adjust the paddy field soil moisture to meet the rice water demand. This method can not only promote and control the growth of rice, and can greatly save irrigation water and to obtain high yield of rice.Constructed based on wireless sensor networks paddy water-saving irrigation system, the system microcontroller and sensors for the control of the core, by of the four parts of the paddy field of wireless sensor nodes, valves, controllers, wireless gateway and the remote monitoring center. Among them, the wireless sensor nodes to accurately obtain the paddy field soil moisture information to upload collected data to sink node through a wireless communication module, thus avoiding the shortcomings of the node wiring inconvenience, less flexible. Valve controller is dispatched in the field of the solenoid valve opening and closing, completion of water-saving irrigation functions. The wireless gateway is the bridge of the paddy field soil moisture collection and irrigation systems and remote monitoring center, the command collection terminals by measuring various types of data storage, statistics, analysis and display, to accept and send the remote monitoring center, via the Internet to upload information to a remote monitoring center, or sent to the user’s mobile device via GPRS/GMS wireless communications.Taking into account of paddy wireless sensor network has the Department area of Japan sensor nodes monitoring soil moisture for a long time, and other characteristics, and the energy of sensor nodes and communication bandwidth is very limited resources. On the elaboration of wireless sensor network node architecture, topology and network protocol stack basis, the design of a practical paddy irrigation area wireless sensor networks. Classic clustering routing protocols strengths and weaknesses of analysis, combined with unequal clustering and load balancing ideas to meet the large-scale paddy field environmental information collected by wireless sensor network routing protocols.This gateway platform-based the Andriod+the Mini210the hardware and software design, by transplanting the Android open operating system and complete system customized optimization, gateway development platform to build. First Andriod system start-up process, the knowledge of the system framework, application components, as well as SQLite database. Then, according to the demand of paddy wireless sensor networks, soil moisture monitoring and control of water-saving irrigation, the modular design principle, design and implement the Gateway monitoring system based on Andriod system. The system consists of system configuration, data collection and irrigation control, network monitoring and information display four modules, described in detail the processes of each functional module. Finally, based on the USB Andriod application debugging gateway monitoring system has been tested by the Eclipse IDE debugging platform.At present, water-saving irrigation systems based on wireless sensor networks are mainly used in the greenhouse, nursery and orchard monitoring smaller environment, the system of this study can provide for large-scale farmland to implement water-saving irrigation is an effective solution.