| Color is one of the most important factors affecting evaluating pearl quality, thoroughly studying on it can provide science evidence into adjusting the pearl-culture.In this paper, pinctada martensii which is one of the main seawater pearl-forming in China is studied emphatically, to analyse the biochemical component, biochemical index and accumulation with astaxanthin treatment in flesh.The basic characteristics of basic component is understood by GC-MS, automatic acid analyzer, auto-biochemical analyzer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and reversed-phase HPLC.Main attentions are paid to the FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectra.Main conclusions of this work are drawn as follows:1. Influence of astaxanthin ml pinctada martensii(1) After culturing experiment, the mortality of pinctada martensii decreases before30days for contrl and treatment group, and control group is more significant;control group is tending towards stability after30days, but treatment group still declines, and keep stability after40days.They are showed that astaxanthin can improve the survival.(2) By observing the color of shell and flesh, we can know that pinctada martensii can intake astaxanthin and participate in metabolism, which cause mantal, musle, cheek and kidney to show orange and shell to show golden yellow.(3) There are13fatty acids in pinctada martensii’,5saturated fatty acids,8unsaturated fatty acids.The crude fat ditiributions:saturated fatty acids34.51%and unsaturated fatty acids45.67%before culturing experiment;aturated fatty acids34.32%and unsaturated fatty acids50.02%after culturing experiment.They are showed that there is no change in pinctada martensii after culturing experiment, but unsaturated fatty acids increase significantly.(4) In terms of the components of amino acid, the result is similar to the result of control group and treatment group;in terms of the content of amino acid, Glu is the highest, Asp, Gly, Ala, Leu, Lys and Arg are higher, Cys and His are lower.Control group is significantly lower than treatment group.The content of total amino acid is44.86g/100g in control group, Glu is7.12g/100g, essential amino acids(EAA) are14.83g/100g, flavours amino acids are22.72g/100g; the content of total amino acid is49.02g/100g in treatment group, Glu is7.79g/100g, EAA are17.5g/100g, flavours amino acids are23.9g/100g.(5) In comparison with control group, AST, ALB, GLB, ALP, GLU, Ca and Mg is significantly increasing in mantal of treatment group;the content of BUN, Cr, UA and P are decreased significantly;there are no significant differences in other indices.2. Study on the influence astaxanthin of on the content of astaxanthin in pinctada martensiiBy observing the color of extracted liquid to choose the best extractant, it is ascertained by UV wavelenght scanning and to analyze pigment qualitytively and quantitatively.It is showed that chloroform is the best extracted liquid;the scanning spectorgram has three fingers peak.The column used was using a flow rate of lml/min and an injection volume of20μl;a elution program three solvents,84:12:4(v/v) methanol/acetonitrile/water, the standard curve of astaxanthin is y=68178x+1439.2, R2=0.9998, linear range is0.01-2.0mg/mL, retention time is3.65min.The dissocistive astaxanthin is6.870±1.356μg/g before saponification and5.199±1.145μg/g after saponification in the control group.Treatment group is lower because of instability property;The dissocistive astaxanthin is63.657±5.165μg/g μg/g before saponification and74.799±5.907μg/g after saponification in the treatment group.Treatment group is significantly increased, which are showed that pinctada martensii accumulate69.6±.772μg/g.3. Study on the influence astaxanthin of on the shell in pinctada martensii(1) Control group and treatment group are able to correlate standard aragonite IR spectrum, which showed that aragonite is main mineral which influeces on the results.Peak of CO32-may be covered, because organics are less in shell.(2) Because carotenoid is less in shell, there are peak of C=C, aromatic composition, ring structure and methyl or methylene group in matrix.(3) In control group Gly is the highest, Asp, Gly, Ala and Tyr are38.78%, acidic amino acid is10.7%, basic amino acid is6.47%, nonpolar amino acid is30.28%, npolar amino acid is32.07%;In treatment group Gly is the highest, Asp, Gly, Ala and Tyr are40.04%, acidic amino acid is11.68%, basic amino acid is6.49%, nonpolar amino acid is29.58%, polar amino acid is32.42%.(4) Aragonite tablet is hexagon, but regulation is not very well in coontrol group; Aragonite tablet is hexagon, too.Partical size is well-distributed foe wide ranges in the same layer, which are showed the particulrity of biomineralization.As is known to all, the crystal regulation correlated with the compactness of structure, the lustre decreases with defect.(5)Different location has different intenity of carotinoid, the order is l>2>5=6>3=4>8>9>10.In the shell of pinctada martensii has three Raman peaks which cause by organic, they are1528-1533cm-1,1460-1462cm-1,1134cm-1.The higher peak is1460-1462cm-1, which are feature Raman spectrum of conjugated of trans-carotinoid.1134cm-1cause by-C-C-,1528-1533cm-1is strenghtened in experiment group, which is showed that astaxanthin is a important factors for the coloration of nacre. |
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