The Industrial Seed Production Of Tachypleus Tridentatus And Effect Of Key Ecological Factors On It, And Research Of Tetraodotoxin (TTX) On Horseshoe Crabs In Waters Of China

The industrial seed production of Tachypleus tridentatus and the effect of keyecological factors on it, the tetraodotoxin (TTX) on horseshoe crabs in waters ofChina were studied in this thesis, the results showed as follows:1. The industrial seed production of Tachypleus tridentatus have been done inworkshop of fish farms, the whole process of embryonic development of Tachypleustridentatus has been observed detailedly, the results showed that: following theembryonic development, the diameter and weight of embryonic of Tachypleustridentatus have increased obviously, the weight (W: g) and diameter (D: mm) ofdifferent embryonic development stages of Tachypleus tridentatus were significantlycorrelated, formula is: W=0.696D2.8394(R2=0.9926, P<0.01)2. The industrial seed production of Tachypleus tridentatus have been conductedwith seven pairs of parent Tachypleus tridentatus, the pawning times of previous fivepairs of Tachypleus tridentatus were more, generally five or six times (mean was5times), mean of spawning amount was11000，up to16310. The spawning times oflater two pairs of Tachypleus tridentatus are less (3-5times, mean was4times),spawning amounts have reduced, generally less than7954. In the whole seedproduction, the biggest single spawning amount of Tachypleus tridentatus was up to7320, the total spawning amount of seven pairs of Tachypleus tridentatus was78290,about70461larvae of Tachypleus tridentatus have hatched out. The mean ofspawning times of every pair of Tachypleus tridentatus was4.71, and mean of singlespawning amount was2372.92, the mean of spawning amount of single horseshoecrab was11184.29; mean of molt rate was92%, and mean of hatch rate was90%. Therelationship between spawning amounts and weight of the females of Tachypleustridentatus was that: The linear relationship between spawning amounts and weighton2.5-4kg of the mothers of Tachypleus tridentatus was obvious (y=4968.3x-22009,R2=0.984), the linear relationship between spawning amounts and weight over4kgof the mothers of Tachypleus tridentatus was not obvious (R2=0.5828).3. The research result about the effect of sediment environment on embryonic development of Tachypleus tridentatus was showed as below: The hatch speed ofembryo of Tachypleus tridentatus which haven been put into the basket of seedlingpool was the fastest, the molt rate and hatch rate of which was the highest; the secondwas in the basin; the worst was in the sand. In the experiment of effect of differentparticle size sand on the embryonic development of Tachypleus tridentatus, the hatchspeed of embryo of Tachypleus tridentatus which haven been put in the coarse sand(the diameter was0.5-4mm) was the fastest, the molt rate and hatch rate of which wasthe highest; the second was in the medium coarse sand (the diameter was0.4-2mm);the worst was in the silver sand (the diameter was0.1-0.2mm).4. The fertilized eggs of Tachypleus tridentatus which have been obtain by theartificial insemination was reared in nine temperature gradient of0℃、5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃, observing the situation of embryonicdevelopment of Tachypleus tridentatus in different temperature, the results showedthat: The speed of embryonic development and hatch rates at30℃and35℃was thefastest. The embryos of Tachypleus tridentatus which had molted the first time wereput in to eight temperature gradient of23℃、25℃、27℃、29℃、31℃、33℃、35℃、37℃, observing the situation of embryonic development of Tachypleus tridentatus indifferent temperature, the results showed that: The speed of embryonic developmentat29℃was the fastest, the growth speed of diameter and weight was also the fastest.5. The tetraodotoxin (TTX) in the Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpiusrotundicauda was detected through the high performance liquid chromatographic(HPLC), the results showed that: The mobile phase of0.05mol/L NaH2PO4-0.05mol/L Na2HPO4(pH=6.8) and5mMol heptanesulfonate sodium was better thanmobile phase of acetic acid, which was ideal mobile phase as detecing TTX. TheTTX absorption peak was obvious when the wavelength was200nm, which was theideal wavelength as detecting TTX. We also found that: the body Carcinoscorpiusrotundicauda contains more TTX, the TTX also exists in the body of Tachypleustridentatus, but the amout was little, which was not to the amount to kill human being.So the poisoning of TTX of eating Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda was the mainreason of poisoning of eating Horseshoe crab.