Reproductive Biology Of Representative Pecies Of Three Genera, The Subfamily Palaemoninae

This thesis makes a comprehensive review both on domestic and foreign papersrelating to the topic. Summarizing the characteristics of main commercial speciesnamely Palaemon, Palaemonetes, Macrobrachium including reproductive biology soas to provide theoretical foundation for further study of Palaemoninae.Biological characteristics such as body length, total weight, sex ratio, proportionof ovigerous, fertility and ovarian maturity stage of wild P.gravieri were investigatedfrom September2010to April2011at south yellow sea. Individuals had relativelylarge body length in both March and April, mainly distribution between50.0-60.0mm,and the relationship between body length and total weight was remarkable（F=1.415，P<0.05）. Sex ratio between female and male was markedly high in March. Ovarianmaturity stages divided into5phases: from September to November were immatureones; occurrence of development stages were in December; mature ovaries werefirstly appeared in January, and the proportion was increasing in the following monthsuntil April, in which month the shrimp brooded firstly. The ovigerious individual wasfirstly found in February, while the relationship between fertility and L was linearity,which curve was F=0.0581BL+0.0916. The relationship between hepatopancreasand body length was not remarkable but still had statistical significance, and femaleswere much clearer than males（F=1.503，P=0.001）.At the same time, histology method was used to study the structure anddevelopment of male reproductive system of P.gravieri. The result indicated that malereproductive system was consist of three parts, namely paired testis, vas deferens andmale gonopore. The testis contained numbers of seminiferous tubules, while thedevelopment of germinal cells was not synchronous in different area. According todifferent morphologies and regions, vas deferens can be divided into four parts: theanterior, the middle, the posterior and the terminal region respectively, and differentparts had similar histological structure. The anatomy and histology of reproductive system of female P.gravieri wasfirstly described, and the developmental stages were divided in this assay. The resultsindicated that the histological structure of the female reproductive system ofP.gravieri was composed by ovary and oviduct. Ocary divided into two parts. Therewere6different oogenesis in the process of ovary development. According to that, wedivided the development of ovary into5phases: immature stage, development stage I,development stage II, mature stage and post-ovulation stage.Population characteristics such as distribution of body length（BL） and totalweight（TW） of Exopalaemon carinicauda（Holthuis）inhabiting warm temperatewaters were investigated in April and May,2006. The relationship of male and femalebetween L and W were analyzed, and the equations were y=0.0003x^2.3499and y=0.0127x^1.4168, respectively. Population density was high in these two months ofsampling, and this was the reproductive period of Exopalaemon carinicauda（Holthuis）, so it could reflect the situation of reproductive peak period. Ovariandevelopment, the relationship between gonad and BL，hepatopancreas and therelationship between hepatopancreas and other parameters were studied. The absolutefecundity of Exopalaemon carinicauda was fluctuated from375-4801, averaged1920;relative fecundity were43and617calculated by L and W, respectively.The growth and reproductive biology of the mature freshwater shrimpMacrobrachium nipponensis were investigated and studied in Yangtze River estuary,China, from June to December2006. The carapace length（CL）, total weight（TW）,knuckles length（KL）, gonad index（GSI）, hepatopancreas index（HSI） and therelationship between GSI and HSI, the relationship between CL and knuckleslength（KL）, fecundity and ovigerous females at different stages were researched andanalyzed. The results showed that in this period the CL of Macrobarachiumnipponensis in Yangtze River estuary was mainly distributed in1.25cm-2.00cm, andthe total weight ranged from2.0g to4.0g. CL was isometric functions of TW. Therewas a positive correlation between CL and KL of Macrobrachium nipponensis. TheGwt and Hwt of Macrobrachium nipponensis were positively correlated with CL andTW, as well as the relationship between Gwt and Hwt. The developmental phrase offemales was divided. The absolute fecundity averaged4977, and relative fecunditywas most densely concentrated in1000-2000.