| From May2010to July2011, dividing to spring, summer, autumn and winter,systematic study of soil invertebrates in Gansu Taitong-Kongtongshan NationalNature Reserve were carried out. Based on geographical feature, altitude andvegetation type,276soil samples were collected from5major sampling areas (23sampling sites) within the nature reserve. Samples were collected by applyingmanual-collecting method and Tullgren method. A total of1204780soilinvertebrates were identified, classified into3phyla,12classes,24orders,129families and146genera.（1）Number of soil invertebrate groups and individual distribution characteristics inthe major sampling areas were:Kongtongshan area:105kinds of soil invertebrates,246363individuals, beingclassified to3phyla,8classes,16orders,79families and72genera were identified inthe area. Within,44338,73640,80127and48258individuals were found in spring,summer, autumn and winter, accounted to18.00%,29.89%,32.52%and19.59%of thetotal numbers, respectively.Kongtongshan-houxia area:94kinds of soil invertebrates,178625individuals, werefound in the area. They were classified into2phyla,9classes,13orders,66familiesand73genera. Within,33883,45839,55784and43119individuals were identifiedin spring, summer, autumn and winter, accounted to18.97%,25.66%,31.23%and24.14%of the total numbers collected from this area, respectively.Taitongshan area:120kinds of soil invertebrates,288115individuals, were classifiedinto3phyla,10classes,20orders,92families and82genera in the area. Within,47568,98544,91669and50334individuals were collected in spring, summer, autumn and winter, accounted to16.51%,34.2%,31.82%and17.47%of the total numbers,respectively.Mawushan area:91kinds of soil invertebrates,206064individuals were collected.They were classified into2phyla,8classes,12orders,73families and65genera.Within,34192,63178,60858and47836individuals were identified in spring,summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Accordantly, they accounted to16.59%,30.66%,29.53%and23.21%of the total numbers collected from this area.Dayinshan area:101kinds of soil invertebrates,285613individuals, were classifiedinto2phyla,8classes,14orders,71families and81genera in the area. Within,50771,83396,84691and66612individuals were collected in spring, summer, atunmand winter, accounted to17.83%,29.2%,29.65%and23.32%of the total numbers,respectively.The order of soil invertebrates complexity in these five areas was thatTaitongshan (120groups)> Kongtongshan (105groups)> Dayinshan (101groups)>Kongtongshan-houxia (94groups)>Mawushan (91groups); the order of soil animalrichness was that Taitongshan (288115)> Dayinshan (285613)> Kongtongshan (246363)>Mawushan (206064)> Kongtongshan-houxia (178625).(2) Dominant groups：The dominate species in Kongtongshan sampling area wasOnychiurus; common species in this area were Enchytraeidae, Parasitidae,Eulohmannia, Camisi, Isotomiella, Chironomidae, Tabanidae, etc, all together34groups; There was no dominate species in Kongtongshan-houxia sampling area,however, Enchytraeidae, Parasitidae, Proctolaelaps, Onychiurus, Chironomidae, etc,all together34groups were common species in the area; Onychiurus and Folsomiawere dominate in Taitongshan sampling area and, Enchytraeidae, Parasitidae,Hermanniella, Camisia, Podura, Isotomiella, Chironomidae, etc, all together29groups were common species in the area; No dominate species was found both inMawushan and Dayinshan sampling areas, however, Enchytraeidae, Parasitidae,Hermanniella, Onychiurus, Folsomia, Sinella, etc, all together33groups were foundcommon in Mawushan and, Enchytraeidae, Parasitidae, Hermanniella, Camisia,Podura, Isotomiella, Chironomidae, etc, all together28groups were common in Dayinshan.(3) Seasonal characteristics: The soil invertebrate distribution characteristics showedan obvious seasonal mobility in the five major sampling areas and the23samplingsites. In spring, sampling site21~#had the most abundant soil invertebrate individualnumbers, account to8.5%of the total numbers collected in the season, while theothers followed the order as:21~#＞20~#＞7~#＞23~#＞4~#＞6~#＞9~#＞3~#＞2~#＞12~#＞17~#＞11~#＞13~#＞18~#＞16~#＞19~#＞1~#＞10~#＞8~#＞15~#＞14~#＞5~#＞22~#. In summer, samplingsite9~#was recorded as having the highest number of individuals, account to10.49%of the total number, while the others followed the order as:9~#＞21~#＞20~#＞4~#＞3~#＞7~#＞16~#＞6~#＞11~#＞23~#＞13~#＞12~#＞17~#＞2~#＞1~#＞10~#＞15~#＞18~#＞19~#＞8~#＞22~#＞14~#＞5~#. In autumn, sampling site9~#, again, had the most highest number ofindividuals identified, account to10.14%of the total number; while the othersfollowed the order as:9~#＞21~#＞20~#＞4~#＞7~#＞6~#＞23~#＞3~#＞1~#＞16~#＞17~#＞2~#＞14~#＞13~#＞12~#＞8~#＞15~#＞19~#＞11~#＞18~#＞10~#＞22~#＞5~#. In winter, sampling site21~#again recorded the most high number of individuals, account to10.11%of thetotal number, while the others followed the order as:21~#＞20~#＞7~#＞17~#＞4~#＞6~#＞23~#＞3~#＞13~#＞1~#＞12~#＞9~#＞14~#＞8~#＞16~#＞18~#＞11~#＞15~#＞19~#＞22~#＞5~#＞10~#＞2~#. The results described above showed that the soil invertebrate group numbersand richness was better found in summer and autumn than that in spring and winter.This is mainly due to a moderate water temperature condition, as well as the soilnutrient condition in summer and autumn.(4)Vertical distribution characteristics：The results showed out a clear “surfaceaggregation†character along with the vertical direction, namely the soil invertebrateindividual numbers and group numbers were descend with increasing of soil depth.The surface layer, middle layer and deep soil had797645,358249and53593soilinvertebrates, which counted for65.95%,29.62%and4.43%of the total soilinvertebrate numbers recorded in this study, respectively.(5) Diversity, uniformity and dominance of soil invertebrates：amongst, sampling site7~#in Kongtongshan-houxia sampling area had the highest records for the soilinvertebrate biodiversity and the uniformity in autumn, however, the lowest dominance index compared to other sites in this study; In summer, the highest soilinvertebrate dominance index was found at sampling site10~#in Taikongshansampling area. However, records for the soil invertebrate biodiversity and theuniformity were the lowest in the site in summer. Results showed that the soilinvertebrate biodiversity had a positive correlation with the richness and uniformity,yet had a negative correlation with the dominance index and, had no direct correlationwith individual numbers. |
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