| Swida wilsoniana is a kind of widely distributed woody oil plants, which has high fruit yield and oil content. In recent years, biofuels which are environmentally friendly and renewable green energy have attracted more and more attentions all over the world with oil depletion and price inflation. As an important raw material of biodiesel, improved varieties and cultivated methods for increasing fruit yield of Swida wilsoniana become pivot of the research. In this paper, the effects of various cutting medium, plant hormone auxins, exogenous growth regulators and nutrient medium based on two different methods of cutting and primary culture were studied. The results were characterized by observing survival rate and the quantity and length of roots of Swida wilsoniana. It provided references for cultivating Swida wilsoniana seedlings. The main results of research were as follows:1There were significant differences in survival rate, the quantity and length of roots, the days of being callus and adventitious roots among various cutting medium. Swida wilsoniana with J3(peat soil:pearlite:yellow soil=1:1:1) substrate had the highest survival rate of92.4%. It showed that loose substrate and soil with certain viscosity benefited cutting survival and growth of Swida wilsoniana. The cutting experiments of lignification degree showed that cutting survival rate of young Swida wilsoniana branch was low and high lignification degree was bad for cutting survival. So half-lignification degree cutting was suitable, and it had the highest survival rate of90.2%.2Soaking treatment of plant hormone auxins had obvious effects on cutting survival rate. It showed the cuttings dealt by soaking treatment of plant hormone auxins could promote the growth of roots. Comparing four kinds of plant hormone auxins NAA, KIBA, ABT6and IAA, cuttings soaked with300mgL-1KIBA for2h had the highest survival rate, and ABT6was the second. As far as root length, number and growth, KIBA and ABT6both had good effect, and they had no obvious difference. Compared with the control, rapid soaking of plant hormone auxins had obvious effects on cutting survival rate. The cuttings dealt by KIBA had the highest survival rate of90.1%. KIBA held an appreciable advantage in root length, number and growth. In comparison with soaking treatment, rapid soaking treatment could shorten the time of cuttage, reduced adverse effects on cuttings that environment brought about, and improved efficiency of cuttage. The concentration experiments of KIBA showed that the survival rate of Swida wilsoniana which were dealt by1000～3000mg-L-1KIBA had no significant differences. In view of production cost,1000mg-L-1KIBA was suitable.3The survival rates of cuttings from various sources revealed significant differences. The survival rates of three kinds of cuttings were arranged as follow:the annual seedlings (95.7%)>the annual grafting seedlings (90.1%)>the four years grafting seedlings (52.4%). It showed that young seedlings helped for taking root and growing of cuttings. Therefore, it was better to choose young branches as cuttings or rejuvenize the adult plants.4KIBA as exogenous growth regulator promoted synthesis of endogenous IAA and could control endogenous ABA contents in cuttings. During the Swida wilsoniana cutting rooting process, the contents of endogenous hormone IAA and ABA had close relations with formation and growth of adventitious roots. And high concentration of IAA and low concentration of ABA promoted the differentiation and growth of root primordium. In the process of cuttage, the content changes of endogenous GA showed that high concentration of GA restrained the formation of adventitious roots of Swida wilsoniana cuttings. The results proved GA had an inhibitory action on taking root. At different periods of cutting rooting of Swida wilsoniana, endogenous ZR played different roles. During the differentiation of root primordium, low concentration of ZR was needed, while high concentration of ZR was needed during the growth of root primordium. The initial content of endogenous hormone IAA, ZR, ABA, GA and rooting rate reflected different relativity. The initial content of IAA, ZR had a positive correlation with rooting rate, while the initial content of ABA, GA were negative. Among them, IAA had the closest connection with rooting rate. The content of endogenous hormone in cuttings from different sources had close correlation with rooting rate. Since the initial content of IAA, ZR was high and the initial content of ABA, GA was low, young seedlings were easier to survive than adult plants.5Explants in September were optimum during primary culture of Swida wilsoniana. The suitable sterilizing agent was0.1%Hg (2-3drops Polysorbate80) and sterilization time was7-9minutes. Swida wilsoniana became browning seriously. The tests revealed that various anti-brown staining agents and contents had different effects on restraining brown staining, and additional300mg·L-1PVP was very effective. On primary cultured ubstrate using MS+6-BA0.5mg-L·1+NAA0.05mg·L-1+PVP300mg·L-1, axillary bud of which germination rate was high sprouted and grew well. The effects of proliferation were compared among medium MS, WPM, B5, and WH in experiments. The results showed medium WPM helped proliferation culture of Swida wilsoniana seedlings.6-BA and ZT could significantly increased multiplication factors of seedlings. In addition, the seedlings which were in medium with IBA had exuberant growth, strong stem, dark green leaves and many effective buds. The suitable proliferation medium was WPM+BA0.5mg·L-1+ZT0.5mg·L-1+IBA0.1mg·L-1+PVP300mg·L-1though the results of experiments. The tissue culture plantlets using proliferation culture for40days could obtain healthy and strong seedlings which were suitable for root formation, and multiplication factor reached5.45. During root formation of Swida wilsoniana seedlings, the base of tissue culture plantlet was rapid soaking using1g/L KIBA for5seconds. Then the plantlets were cultured on1/2WPM+PVP300mg·L-1medium. Rooting rate could be up to95.17%. Furthermore the number and length of roots were4.65and2.80cm, respectively. |
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