Comparative Research On Leaf Tissues For Different Oolong Tea Cultivars In Northern Tea Region Of Fujian Province

As the main production areas of northern Fujian oolong tea, WuYi Mountain has rich Tea variety resources for long-time natural hybridization and breeding in superior ecological environment.The leaf of tea is the chief Vegetative Organ of photosynthetic, transpiration, gas exchange,and the production of cultivation. The microstructure of leaf is the base of a series of physiological activities, so there is significance meaning of study the different leaf microstructure on different position and variation regularities.The study of microstructure by SEM and optical microscope about Dahongpao, Shuixian and Rougui and so on showed that:1. To adapt to different environment, leaf surface cuticle morphology changed accordingly. Scanning electron microscopy over the degree of development of eight different varieties of tea leaves showed that their cuticle was not exactly the same. Different leaf blades of some varieties were very different spectra of the stratum corneum. Leaf growth of varieties was as follows:The first leaf, scale leaf had more trichomes, the second leaf, the third leaf, the fourth leaf, fish leaf had fewer trichomes. Stomata of the first leaf buds, scales leaf were not fully developed, stomata of the second leaf tent to mature. Stomata of the third leaf, the fourth leaf, fish leaf was mature. Cuticle thickness of the first leaf, the second leaf, the third leaf, the fourth leaf, fish leave, scaly leaves was gradually increased, the cuticle of scale leaves is thickest, and the cuticle ornamentation irregular.2. Cuticle of mature leaves of different species at the same place was quite different. The motif of leaf cuticles of different varieties could provide valuable taxonomic evidence, played a unique role in the field of plant systematic and evolutionary research.3. With the growth of tea leaves, leaf anatomical structure were also significant differentiation within the organization. Under the same shoot first leaf, the second leaf, mesophyll cells gradually differentiated into the more obvious morphological differences between palisade and spongy tissue. Long shoots to one bud in four leaves, mesophyll cell of the third leaf have been fully differentiated. Leaves of different upper and lower epidermis by single cells, the epidermal cells under the skin thickness is greater than. Tea leaves of different maturity palisade mesophyll cells were the long column. The spongy tissue of young Leaves arrangement regularity, cell gap was small, mature leaf mesophyll cells in spongy tissue arranged in a more relaxed, and large cell gap. The young leaves of the same shoot no calcium oxalate crystals, but mature leaves had more calcium oxalate crystal.4. The mature leaves of8oolong tea varieties from northern Fujian were different in the epidermal thickness, thickness of palisade tissue, spongy tissue thickness, the lower epidermis thickness, leaf thickness, palisade tissue and spongy tissue’s ratio. The maximum of thickness of the upper epidermis was Beidou (28.20um), the minimum was AijiaoOolong (forn Kaijie18.18μm), the average thickness was22.64μm, the order was in this:Beidou> Jinyaoshi> Shuixian(from Xianjie)> Tieluohan> Baijiguan> Shuijingui> Dahongpao>AijiaoOolong(from Kaijie). The thickness of palisade tissue of Shuixian (from Xianjie) was the maximum (107.25μm), the minimum was Dahongpao47.64μm, average67.52μm, the order was: Shuixian(from Xianjie)>Jinyaoshi>Beidou>Shuijingui>AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)>Tieluohan> Baijiguan>Dahongpao; the maximum of thickness of spongy tissue was Shuixian (from Xianjie)144.89μm, the minimum was Tieluohan82.55μm, the average thickness was110.52μm, the order was:Shuixian(from Xianjie)> Jinyaoshi> Baijiguan> Beidou> AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)> Shuijingui> Dahongpao> Tieluohan; the thickness of lower epidermis of Jinyaoshi was the maximum (21.54μm), the minimum was the AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)16.36μm, the average thickness was19.31μm, the order:Jinyaoshi>Beidou> Tieluohan>Shuijingui>Shuixian (from Xianjie)>Baijiguan>AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)>Dahongpao; The thickness of blade of Shuixian (from Xianjie) was the maximum303.16μm, the thickness of blade of minimum was Dahongpao177.96μm, average thickness was221.24μm, the order as follows:Shuixian (from Xianjie)> Jinyaoshi> Beidou> Baijiguan> Shuijingui> AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)> Tieluohan> Dahongpao. The Palisade tissue and Spongy tissue’s ratio of Tieluohan was the largest about0.76, the smallest was Baijiguan0.44, average0.61, the order:Tieluohan>Shuixian (from Xianjie)>Shuijingui>Tieluohan> AijiaoOolong (from Kaijie)>Jinyaoshi>Dahongpao>Baijiguan.