Ecological Restoration Technology And Ecffect Research Of Abandoned Mines

Henan province is one of important provinces in China which has rich mineral resources. Thedestruction of mining on the ecological environment is very seriouse. Because Henan province haslarge population and is lack of land resources, studying on ecological restoration andreconstruction technology in mining wasteland and realizing the land reclamation and ecologicalrehabilitation is very necessary and urgent to improve ecological environment in mining area,develope the mining economy, and promote construction of ecological province and constructionof economic zone of China in Henan province.Firstly the research history and progress of ecological rehabilitation and reconstruction inmining wasteland at home and abroad was analyzed, some technology, modes and methods ofecological restoration in domestic mining wasteland were introduced, Then taking an iron miningarea in LuShan county as an example, through the analysis of the ecological characteristics, thesite conditions and restrictive factors in mining wasteland, ecological restoration technology,effect and phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution are studied.Through the tests the following conclusions were obtained.(1)In the optimal allocation to slope plants on the mine dump, torch tree can be the preferredchoice on the uphill, Whereas locust and rhus chinensis can be chosed on the downhill.(2)For the soil improvement test of the dump, after seeding stroma, soil particles were finerand finer and the bulk density was growing, which constantly tended to reasonable density. That isexplaining that seeding stroma accelerated the slag weathering to a certain extent, making it moresuitable for the growth of plants. Cation exchange capacity, available nitrogen and available potassium of the slag increased. Cation exchange capacity, organic matter and available nitrogenof the stroma increased.(3) The contents of heavy metals in soil increased after seeding stroma. On one hand, may bedue to the soil used in the complex stroma was local soil, which contained high levels of heavymetals; on the other hand also shows that the several plants chosed for the rehabilitation of heavymetal pollution of iron ore dump only had enrichment effect on iron, but for the other heavymetals, whose repair effect is not obvious.(4)On the plants choice for rehabilitation of heavy metal pollution, the herbaceous plants thatPennisetum alopecuroides, Cynodon dactylon, Tall fescue, Ciliate desert-grass, Alfalfa and Celosiacristata, the Shrub plants that Caragana, Leucaena leucocephala and Amorpha fruticosa can bechosed. Local plant species that Elm, Paulownia, cedar, juniper, Platycladus orientalis and so oncan be chosed to be tree species.