Investigation On The Major Specie, Pathotype Of Cereal Cyst Nematode In Beijing And Evaluation Of Wheat Cultivars Resistance To Heterodera Avenae

The Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae) is a serious pest of cereal crop in worldwide. It has occurred in major wheat growing areas and caused serious economic losses in China at peresent. People use chemical nematicide to control the CCN disease in China. Due to geographical and climatic differences among the major wheat areas, CCN occurrence rule is not consistent which causes difficulties to control the disease, so breeding the resistance variety is an effective and economical method. Identification of nematode species and pathotypes make up a foundation of cultivating resistant varieties. This paper has researched CCN specie, pathotype and occurrence rule in Beijing area. And we use Beijing Qingyundian CCN population to evaluate234domestic and international wheat cultivars resistant resources. The wheat cultivars resistant resources have been provided by International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences and Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Science. The main research contents and results are as follows:We made molecular diagnoses on Beijing Qingyundian, Caiyu cyst nematode population. We amplified the rDNA-ITS region of each population by PCR respectively. Three fragments were obtained through digesting PCR prouducts with restriction enzyme Taql. Then we used specific SCAR maker amplified primers (unpublished) to verify the results. Two cyst nematode populations we investigatd were both H. avenae.The pathotype of Qingyundian CCN population was identified by using the International Host Differential Set (IHDS). The results showed that Beijing Qingyundian CCN population (H. avenae) was different from the13pathotypes which had been described and nominated. It was slightly similar with Ha23, A set of IHDS only had seven cultivars aggregately were the same as Ha23, and B set of IHDS only had five.Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) caused serious yield losses of wheat. The occurrence and life cycle of H. avenae were carried out in Daxing district of Beijing from2010December to2011December. The results showed that H. avenae has one generation per year in Beijing. The peak of hatching period occured in early of April, infection peak of second stage juvenile (J2) occurred in early April, development peak of third stage of Junernile (J3) occured in late April to early May, development peak of J4s occurred in early May, development peak of adult females occurred in late May to early June. J2could infect young wheat roots at end of October last year and developed into J3before winter period. Results would be beneficial for controling this nematode in the urban of Beijing.The CCN resistance of234cultivars (lines) which were collected at home and abroad was identified and evaluated in field trials and greenhouse respectively. The identified results showed that immune materials were not found in field trials and greenhouse. SUNR23, AUS49306.5/GS50a, Space6, VP1620and BATAVIA were high resistance to CCN Beijing population. VENTURA(SUN376G),6R(6D), AUS 4930.6/2*PASTO, CROC-1/AE.SQUARROSA(224)//OPATA and other five cultivars were moderate resistance. Some cultivars in IHDS also had resistance to CCN Beijing population. These resistant materials could be used to promote and cultivate resistant varieties.