| On medicine market, L macranthoides Hand-Mazz as one of the mainstream commodity honeysuckles, there are667million square meters in the Southwest area of China. Many scholars have already made a great contribution on chemistry, pharmacology, as well as standardized cultivation ofLonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz, but very little on the flower base management in Lonicera macranthoides. This study, between two varieties of Lonicera macranthoides which are "Traditional Lonicera macranthoides" and "Yu Lei Number l"from Chongqing XiuShan, are about the process of morphological changes, the laws of nutrition metabolism, exogenous hormones on flower bud formation and other aspects of a more systematic study. The results are as follows:1In the period of differentiation of flower buds form, the two varieties of Lonicera macranthoides differentiation process are the same, and the differentiation process is divided into five stages:vegetative stage, the calyx primordium, petal primordia differentiation stage, stamen primordia occur, the occurrence of pistil primordia and floral organ differentiation completed. The differentiation process of Lonicera macranthoides follows the classic ABC model of flowering.2In the flowering process, the law of carbohydrate metabolism in leaves of two varieties of Lonicera macranthoides is roughly in the same. At the beginning of bud morphological differentiation, the content of soluble sugar and starch is the highest,were8.84%,6.49%and4.34%,3.87%;That indicates higher levels of soluble sugar and starch which in Lonicera macranthoides are in favor of conduciving to the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. In the Flowering period, starch and soluble sugar contents have been in a downward trend. Until the floral organs fully mature, the contents are minimum(2.62%,2.21%and3.36%,2.47%), and we can infer that the blade as the "source" constant supply of carbohydrates to the growing point. In addition, leaf starch and amylase were highly significant negative correlation(r=-0.64*, r=-0.71*), but with the soluble sugar was a very significant positive correlation, indicating in the flower process of Lonicera macranthoides, starch is not hydrolyzed into soluble sugar, but may be hydrolyed into other carbonnutrients. 3In the flowering period, the total nitrogen content in leaves of two species trends broadly similar, showing the downward trend, but the overall decline is small, were8.76%and11.66%;The soluble protein and nitrate reductase activity in leaves was the rising trend in varying degrees. Thus, we can infer that a high level of soluble protein can provide material guarantee in bud morphological differentiation period.4At the beginning of period flower bud differentiation, in two varieties of leaf, the C/N ratios were the highest which are5.17%and3.63%, indicating that high ratio of C/N in growth of the Lonicera macranthoides can effect on promoting vegetative growth to reproductive growth transformation; In the flowering period, C/N ratio Shows downward trend, the lowest ration were2.57%and1.86%when flower organs fully mature, indicating a relatively low C/N ratio is apt to the floral organs of Lonicera macranthoides mature. In addition, the C/N ratio of traditional Lonicera macranthoides leaves was significantly higher than "Yu Lei Number1", which may be related to the normal floral organ morphogenesis.5In the flowering period, the trends whose accumulation of mineral elements in leaves of two species are as follows:the accumulation of Ca, Mn, Zn show upward trend in the leaves; Mg and K are the opposite; the accumulation of Fe and B accumulated in the leaves showed "W" trend. Although the mineral elements of leaves which in the two varies of Lonicera macranthoides cumulative trend are roughly in the same, excepting the Ca, Mg, Mn. The other mineral element content is different significantly, and the most obvious is the "B" element, which may be resulting in the varieties of their own differences. In addition, the two elements K and B show a significant negative correlation(r=-0.685*) in the leaves of the chuantong Lonicera macranlhoides, and the correlation of other elements between of two varieties is broadly similar.6In the flowering period, ABA content of the Lonicera macranthoides leaves shows upward trend, indicating lower levels of ABA are conducive to the start of Lonicera macranthoides flower bud differentiation, while high content of ABA conducive to bud morphological differentiation and development; In the process of the Lonicera macranthoides flowering, The effect of other three hormones which are IAA, GA3and ZT are opposite with ABA. In addition, in the early flower bud differentiation, ZT/ABA and ZT/GA3are the highest in leaves, illustrating. During the whole flowering process, ABA/GA.; and the ABA/IAA show a generally upward trend, indicating higher ratio ABA/GA3and the ABA/IAA are conducive to the Lonicera macranthoides flowering. In addition, in "Yu Lei Number1" leaves, ZT/GA3ratio was significantly higher than the "traditional Lonicera macranthoides, so infers the higher relative ratio of ZT/GA3is not conducive to the normal organs development of the Lonicera tnacranthoides.7Before the leaves fully expanded and flower buds of undifferentiated, Spraying of50ppm-1000ppm concentration of gibberellin can make flowering1-4days in advance,and can promote the Lonicera macranthoides flowers and bud growth effectively, improving the quality of the flowers,100mg/L is better than the other4concentrations; Spraying paclobutrazol can extended5-15days of the flowering period, and significantly inhibite the growth of the squid; Moreover, a certain concentration of paclobutrazol can increase bud lengths and diameters, but not obvious differences with the control group. These instructions gibberellin can effectively improve the quality of flowers, while paclobutrazol more obvious role in (lower regulating. |
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