The Effects Of Rare Earth Elements On Rumen Fermentation,Growth Performance And Blood Parameters In Nanjiang Brown Goat

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rare earth elements (LaCl3·7·2O, CeCl3·7H2O and NdCl3·6H2O) on in intro fermentation, performance and blood parameter in Nanjiang Brown Goat (NBG). In part1, the optimal levels of each rare earth element was obtained by the comparison of in intro fermentation parameters. Based on Part1, Part2strived to obtain the optimal ratio among the rare earth elements by, the comparison of in intro fermentation parameters using orthogonal design. In Part3, the optimal level of rare earth mixture based on the optimal ratio in Part2was screened by determining the growth performance of NBG. The main results were shown as below:Part1. Four castrated NBG with permanent rumen fistula (25kg live weight) served as donating animal for rumen fluid. The effects of single rare earth elements (LaCl3·7H2O, CeCl3·7H2O and NdCl3·6H2O) on rumen fermentation were examined in Menke’s syrings system. There were three trials in the part1. In the trial1, the LaCl3·7H2O were added at levels of0(as control),0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%. In the trial2, the CeCl3·7H2O were added at levels of0(as control),0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%. In the trial3, the NdCl3·6H2O were added at levels of0(as control),0.0015%,0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%. After24hour in vitro fermentation, there was no significant difference in gas production between experimental groups and control group in the trial1. pH values and NH3-N concentrations in experimental groups were significantly lower than those in control group. The TVFA, acetic acid and propionic acid in experimental groups were higher than control group. The TVFA, acetic acid and propionic acid in the0.006%group were improved by65.8%,52.83%and61.96%, compared to control group, respectively. While A/P in0.006%group was lowest in the treatment groups. MCP yields in0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%were enhanced by16.6%,19.9%,15.7%and15.1%, compared with control group, respectively. In the trial2, gas productions in experimental groups were increased, compared to control group, while gas productions in0.024%group was highest in the treatment groups. Meanwhile, pH values in the0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%were reduced by0.03,0.07,0.06and0.05, respectively,while NH3-N concentrations were decreased by10.0%,9.3%,3.3%and6.4%, respectively, the TVFA, acetic acid and propionic acid in experimental groups were increased significantly, compared with control group. A/P in0.012%group was lowest in the treatment groups. Compared with control group, MCP yields in0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%group were improved by10.0%,13.8%,17.4%and6.9%, respectively. In the trial3, there was no significant differences in gas production between experimental groups and control group. There was a decreased trend in pH value of the experimental groups except0.024%, compared to control group. NH3-N concentrations in0.0015%,0.003%,0.006%,0.012%and0.024%group were higher by16.62%,16.92%,11.96%,12.75%and12.45%than control group, respectively. While the TVFA, acetic acid and propionic acid in0.003%group were improved by71.32%,84.17%and65.91%, compared to control group, respectively. MCP yield in0.003%group was highest. It is suggested that La, Ce and Nd probably promote the degradation of organic matter and synthesis of microbial protein. Under the experiment condition, the appropriate level of LaCl3·7H2O was0.006%, the appropriate level of CeCl3·7H2O was0.012%and the appropriate level of NdCl3·6H2O was0.003%.Part2. The effects of different single rare earth element (La, Ce and Nd) combinations on rumen fermentation were examined in Menke’s syrings system. Four castrated NBG with permanent rumen fistula (25kg live weight) served as donating animal for rumen fluid. By using orthogonal design, nine treatment groups and one control group were designed. There was no significant difference in gas production between experimental groups and control group. pH values in the treatment groups except9th group were lower than control group. While NH3-N concentrations in the treatment groups were higher than control group. There were significant influences in VFAs and MCP between treatment groups and control group. The TVFA, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and MCP in the2nd group, highest in the treatment groups, were increased significantly by65.48%,67.25%,64.46%,56.94%and24.11%, respectively, compared to control group. Under the experiment condition, the appropriate combination of LaCl3·7H2o CeCl3·7H2O and NdCl3·6H2O was0.003%:0.012%:0.006%, it also meanPart3. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Rare Earth Mixture on the growth performance and blood parameters in Nanjiang brown goat. Twenty Nanjiang Brown Goats (21.20±1.20) kg were equally allocated into four groups. The concentrates in experimental groups were added69mg,138mg and207mg rare earth Mixture (REM, contains LaCl3·7H2o CeCl3·7H2O and NdCl3·6H2O, and the proportion of LaCl3·7H2o CeCl3-7H2O and NdCl3·6H2O was1:4:2), respectively, whereas the concentrates in control group (CON) was without adding REM. The adapt period was10days and the experimental period lasted28days. Average daily gain in the69mg REM,138mg REM and207mg REM was increased significantly by48.25%,28.25%and31.77%, respectively, while feed to gain ration in the69mg REM,138mg REM and207mg REM was decreased significantly by33..88%,24.31%and25.65%, respectively, GSH-Px in the138mg REM was improved by34.43%(P<0.05), while MDA in the69mg REM and138mg REM was dropped by18.32%(P＜0.05) and12.87%(P＜0.05), respectively, compared to CON. There was no difference of Ins, T3, T4between treatment groups and CON (P>0.05), but Ins., T3, T4in the treatment groups was higher than CON. The results showed REM probably improve growth performance and ability of metabolize and enhance oxidation resistance in Nanjiang brown goat. Under the experimental condition, the appropriate level of REM was69mg.