| 8inbred lines of waxy with more difference background were used selectively as parents to make completely crossing in accordance with the Griffing II in order to gain28orthogonal combinations. And we investigated8inbred lines and28orthogonal combinations in the field. According to the data, analysis of14main characters of waxy in heterosis-analysis, broad sense heritability, narrow sense heritability, general combining ability, specific combining ability, correlation and path analysis, and evaluated them and choose the better, conclusions as follows:(1) The heterosis of F1hybrids is ubiquitous in waxy corn and the transgressive heterosis is higher than average heterosis universally. It shows that there are some superiority combinations in the28Hybridized combinations which are made by8parent inbred lines in this experiment. The combination of9238×9234、9236×9234、9238×9236、9238×9237、9237×9236、、9235×9234、9237×9234with stronger heterosis in14traits.At the same time, the transgressive heterosis and the average heterosis of grain yield are higher than others. Heterosis performance of different traits are different, the order is Grain yield> Single ear weight>Axis weight> Grain number per row> Ear height> Ear length> Plant height>100-grain weight> Soluble protein>Ear width>Stem diameter> Ear row number>Crude starch>Rare ear length.(2) Variance analysis of GCA and SCA for14traits of8parents, the result shows that the general combining abilities are very significant difference and the specific combining abilities of Hybridized combinations are also present significant or very significant difference. In the8parents, the performance of9232、9238、9237、9233are better than others, they could be breeding the excellent waxy varieties. The specific combining abilities of9237×9236、9238×9236、9236×9235are excellent combinations.(3) Broad sense heritability of14traits between32.71%～95.52%, the stronger of broad sense heritability is, the little influence from the environment, the order is Grain yield> Plant height> Soluble protein> Grain number per row>Crude starch> Ear height> Single ear weight>100-grain weight>Ear width> Axis weight> Ear length>Stem diameter>Rare ear length> Ear row number. Narrow sense heritability of14traits between3.71%～50.33%, the order is Ear length>Rare ear length>100-grain weight>Crude starch> Ear row number> Axis weight> Ear height>Stem diameter> Soluble protein> Single ear weight>Ear width> Grain yield> Plant height> Grain number per row. It shows that the capabilities of these traits are different. The order of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability are different shows that genotype effects are different.(4) By stepwise regression analysis of14traits, removed the independent variable without significant effect, the regression equation:Y=-2.9431+0.0116X1+0.1217X4+0.1653X7+0.0125X9-0.0233X11-0.0373X12(F=220.9764, R=0.9996)The regression equation is very significant difference, it’s necessary to carry out the path analysis for the traits and grain yield, the result shows that:ear weight has the strongest direct influence for grain yield, and the indirect influence is also stronger through combining with other traits; ear length’s direct influence is weaker than ear weight; ear row number and plant height has the weaker direct influence but has the stronger indirect influence combined with ear weight. Axis weight has the stronger negative direct influence, and has the stronger indirect influence combined with ear weight. It shows that the emphasis of improving the grain yield is enhanced the select of ear weight and ear length, keeping the appropriate ear per row and plant height, and coordinating the relationship between axis weight and crude starch. |
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