Analysis On The Relationship Between Grain Protein And Accunulation Regulation Of Component And Related Enzyme In Different Types Of Spring Wheat

It is more and more attention that accumulation of wheat grain protein and component content and related enzyme. But that the report of the grain protein accumulation dynamics and related enzymes in different types of Xinjiang spring wheat were less. Three different types of Xinjiang was selected for experiment, which the6varieties (strains)(high quaLity:Y-20. Xinhan68S; medium-strong quality: Xinchun6. Xinchun27:medium quality: Xinchun12. Xinchun15)were used, the grain protein and accumulation regulation of component and high molecular glutenin subunit composition, as well as the nitrate reductase、glutamine synthetase、endopeptidase which were closely related to the protein svnthesis in leaves and the physiological basis of grain protein and its component accumulation in different types of spring wheat of Xinjiang was studied.(1)The content of grain protein with different types showed a high�'low�'high "V" changes. The changes was differ with different types: The high quality type was high, medium-strong quality type was low. the differences was in the late stage of grain filling process. The protein content of grain in the late stage was generally higher than that of grain at the early iilling stage, the characteristic in the grain protein accumulation process of Xinjiang spring wheat was related to the special geographical condition and ecological environment (such as drought and long-day etc.jin Xinjiang. The content of protein in wheat was depended on the gradual formation process. Therefore, the accumulation of grain protein content in each period during kernel formation should be improved in order to improve the grain protein content.(2)The protein components had the same dynamic accumulation in different types of spring wheat. Albumin and globulin were accumulated in early stage and with higher content in early filling stage, protein content decreased with the grouting process and accumulation was small at the late filling stage. Gliadin and glutenin was accumulated lately that content was low at early filling staae, and then increased sradually to reach a maximum at the end of filling staae. The content of gluten and gliadin ratio of high quality type was higher than that of other types.(3) The high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition in Xinjiang spring wheat was generally excellent the average score was8.1. higher than that of the national average. The Glu-l’s score of high quality type was higher than that of the medium-strong quality and medium quality type. Among subunit compositions in spring wheat, high quality subunit2*,5-10and2+12were common.(4) Nitrate reductase activity and glutamine activity had the same tendency in different types of spring wheat, were highest in the blossom period, and decreased with filling stage. Higher activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity in blossom period was in favor of rapid protein synthesis at the early filling stage, especially the synthesis of albumin and globulin provided a "skeleton" support for grain, The activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase was differ with the different types.(5) Endopeptidase activity had the same dynamic change in different types of spring wheat, was "low�'high�'low" change trend in filling stage. Endopeptidase activity in early filling stage was significantly higher than that in late filling stage, it showed that the hydrolysis ability of flag leaf decreased during the late filling stage, the assimilation of nitrogen to grain from leaves was less. Endopeptidase activity in high quality type was significantly higher than that of the others.