| Wheat is the main food crops in our country. The development of wheat production is closely related to the food security and social stability of our country. With the constant and improvement of people’s material life level and the adjustment of crop structure, high yield and good quality of wheat have been getting more and more people’s attention. Eight spring wheat varieties with different quality style were selected in this study, they were xinchun6, xinchun12, xinchunl5, xinchun17, xinchun21, xinchun26, xinchun27and Y-20. The indexes including photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf, dry matter of different vegetative organs, the content of soluble sugar, the changes of nitrogen accumulation and quality characteristics about starch and protein after anthesis were determined. The developing rules of yield and quality in different quality styles of spring wheat varieties were discussed. The purpose of this study was to provide certain theoretical basis for the cultivation of special high quality wheat and the division of quality ecological regional in Xinjiang. The main conclusions of this experiment were as follows:1. From flowering to mature, the leaf area index of spring wheat varieties with three quality types was in the order as moderate gluten> strong gluten> moderate strong gluten. Although the leaf area index of moderate strong gluten cultivars was minimum, but its photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were higher than moderate gluten and strong gluten varieties during the late filling stage. And for attenuation rate, the senescence of moderate strong gluten varieties in flag leaf was the slowest, then it could get high yield.2. There were some differences on the distribution of dry matter in different vegetative organs. Overall, the rate of distribution in stem was the highest, followed by spike (without kernels), and that in leaf sheath vas the lowest; The accumulated dynamic of nitrogen in different vegetative organs was shown as the trend of gradually decreasing. But the distribution rule of nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs was inconsistency at maturity stage; The change trends of the content of soluble sugar in different vegetative organs were different too; Comparing C/N value of spring wheat varieties with different quality types, the C/N value in leaves, sheath and stem of moderate strong gluten was the highest from flowering to12d after anthesis, but that was the lowest at mature stage. The change regularity of C/N value in different vegetative organs of other two types was not obvious.3. The grain numbers per spike,1000-kernels weight and yield of moderate strong gluten varieties were much higher than that of strong gluten and moderate gluten varieties, but the ear number of it was the lowest. And by gray relational analysis, the relational sequence for yield components and yield was grains per spike (r=0.3190)>1000-kernels weight (r=0.3156)> ear number (r=0.3037). With mentioned above, it showed that increasing grain numbers per spike and1000-kernels weight could effectively promote increasing yield.4. Through analyzing the influence of meteorological factors from flowering to maturity on quality, the results were shown as follows:The effects of meteorological factors on starch quality were not significant. The key meteorological factor impacting on sedimentation value was total sunshine hours. The key meteorological factor impacting on development time was daily average temperature. Dough stabilizing time and farinograph quality number were affected by the same independent variables, and they were the lowest temperature on daily average and precipitation;the main meteorological factors influencing extension area were daily average, the highest temperature average on daily average and precipitation. |
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