Priliminary Study On The Intergeneric Hybrid Between Gladiolus Hybrids Hort. And Belamcanda Chinensis L.

Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus) is a perennial monocotyledon flower bulbs plant of lridaceaeGladiolu family. It’s one of the four famous cutting-flowers all over the world., gladiolus growrobustly, but cold hardiness is poor，the pattern of gladiolus is a single, only3degrees is thecritical low temperature of the growth and vulnerable to frost; Belamcanda chinensis (Belamcandachinensis) cold hardiness is greatly strengthened, the pattern is strange, less vulnerable to frost.The study by30main features and quality investigation of Gladiolus cultivars, filtering out19species of Gladiolus and Belamcanda chinensis, a total of intergeneric hybridization combinationof34reciprocal crosses.Compatibility,pollination methods and embryo culture conditions ofdifferent combinations were studied.At the same time,pollen tube growth after pollination frominterspecific hybridization combinations were observed under the fluorescence microscope inorder to provide a basis for the full use of the precious resource to breed the new gladioluscultivars with strong resistance and the peculiar pattern. The main results were as follows:1.First of all，the study on biological characteristics of existing species of gladiolus resourcesfor research. According to the preliminary experiment in the early,filtered out gladiolus resourcesof different colors bright,color,disease resistance of plant growing strong, were screened out of19for the test Gladiolus varieties as the parent material, were white prosperity, white friendship, trust,scepter, wind song, star, diamond powder, super powder, Amsterdam, Priscilla, pink friendship, red,super red, the Makati column, trucks, Blue Wizard, G01, G04and G05.2.The pollen viability was examined by two methods,one was the method of culture invitro,the other was the method of TTC. Tested five varieties of gladiolus cultivars by in vitroculture method to filter out pollen are more than50%;but White Heaven、Super rose、EERde andFriendship、Pink Perfection were met with Belamcanda chinensis flowering, can be directly get itas a reciprocal distant hybridization between paternity test.While the pollen viability ofBelamcanda chinensis was the generally higher than gladiolus, strong growth potential.The pollen viability by the method of TTC was slightly higher than by the method of culturein vitro. For the determination of pollen viability size consistent with the in vitro culture methodfor low-temperature drying Storage Belamcanda chinensis the pollen stored in a low temperatureof-80℃better at-20°C and4°C, and after90d pollen viability remained at more than50%,suitable for pollen long-term preservation, and-20°C,4°C cryopreservation conditions suitable forshort-term storage of pollen,-20°C To better than4°C, short flowering do not encounter problems can be solved.3.The rates of swollen capsules of interspecific hybridization between Gladiolus withBelamcanda chinensis were higher than in reciprocal crosses. The rates of swollen capsules ofinterspecific hybridization was0～25.8%, The rates of swollen capsules in reciprocal crosses was0～15.9%.The suitable hybrid pollination method was different among different interspecific crosscombinations In gladiolus for the female parent and distant hybridization between belamcandachinensis, for example, repeated pollination average percentage of fertile fruit12higher than thenormal pollination; early pollination effects Second, the average percentage of fertile fruit of earlypollination8higher than the normal pollination; sugar processing pollination to clear thepromotion of Gladiolus for the paternity of the three hybrid combination of capsularswell,respectively. Early pollination effect Secondly, sugar processing pollination can significantlypromote the enlargement capsule Gladiolus male parent of three crosses, the fruit rates were10%,15%and5%, the hybrid seeds.4.Distant descendant of germination test, with gladiolus as the female parent than to as amale hybrid hybrid progeny of germination and germination rate by an average of7.33, and theemergence of a relatively short time.5.24to96h within the observation gladiolus as the male parent crosses after pollinationpollen tube lateral growth, folded back wound, the end of the enlargement and other anomalies,pollen tube growth in pollen tubes style tract cells, ovules sac appear the callose and few pollentubes through the entire style to reach the ovary. Gladiolus Pollen in the Belamcanda chinensisstigma is not easy to germinate in the germination process by some obstacles.6.Hybrid embryo rescue with70%ethanol for l min disinfection effect can be uncrackedimmature embryos in the embryo culture;30~60days after pollination hybrid embryos suitablefor embryo culture; optimization immature embryo germination medium MS+2,4-D2.0mg/L+6-BA1.0mg/L.