The Coupling Effects Of Water And Fertilizer On The Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics Yield And Quality Of Belamcanda Chinensis (L.) Redoute

The Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéis a perenninal erect herb medicinal plant,the rhizomes can be used as medicine,which has the effect of detoxification and anti-inflammation on the body.Through using the experiment of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéby potted as a material,to study the effects of quadratic regression orthogonal rotary method with 16 treatments on photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,relative chlorophyll content,physiological and biochemical indexes,yield and quality,and regressions model with soil water and fertilizer were established.According to the test results,the optimal ratio of water and fertilizer was obtained.The results are as followings:（1）The mathematical models of water and fertilizer coupling on net photosynthetic rate,intercellular carbon dioxide and transpiration rate were obtained,the results showed that water and fertilizer had significant effects on net photosynthetic rate,intercellular carbon dioxide and transpiration rate,the main effect of net photosynthetic rate,intercellular carbon dioxide is that soil moisture is greater than the amount of fertilizer,and the main effect of transpiration rate is that soil moisture is less than the amount of fertilizer,the photosynthetic parameters of leaves of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéincreased firstly and then decreased with the increased of water and fertilizer.（2）The mathematical models of water and fertilizer coupling on photochemical efficiency,PSΠpotential activity were obtained.The analysis showed that soil moisture hadasignificanteffectonthephotochemicalefficiencyofBelamcanda chinensis（L.）Redouté,the effect of fertilization on photochemical efficiency is not significant,both water and fertilizer had significant effects on the PSΠpotential activity,the main effect is that the soil moisture is greater than the rate of fertilizer application;the response curves of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to water and fertilizer also showed a parabolic trend;the two factors of water and fertilizer interaction was not significant for photochemical efficiency,and had a significant positive interaction with PSΠpotential activity.（3）The mathmatical model of the relative chlorophyll content of the water and fertilizer coupling the leaves of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéwas obtained;the analysis showed that the factors had reached a significant level.The main effect was that the soil moisture was less than fertilization,and the effect of two factors of water and fertilizer on the relative chlorophyll content showed an opening downward curve.The coupling of water and fertilizer had a significant positive effect on the relative chlorophyll content of the Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redouté.（4）The effect of water and fertilizer coupling on the pod,soluble sugar and soluble protein of the leaves of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéincreased with the decrease of soil moisture and fertilizer.The soil moisture and the amount of fertilizer had a negative effect on the content of pod,soluble sugar and soluble protein content of the leaves of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redouté,and all were negative effects.（5）The mathematical models of water and fertilizer coupling on yield and quality of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéwere established.The analysis shows that the effects of water and fertilizer on yield and quality have achieved conspicuous level;the main effect of the yield is that the soil moisture is less than the amount of fertilizer,the main effect of the extract is that the soil moisture is greater than the fertilization,and the effect of water and fertilizer on the water and ash of the medicinal materials is negative.The effect of single factor of water and fertilizer on the yield,water and extract of the medicinal materials increased first and then decreased,while the effect of fertilization on ash was gradually deccreasing.Coupling of water and fertilizer had significant positive effects on yield and quality of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redouté.（6）Through computer simulation,the optimum combination of yield,medicinal water content and ash content of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéwere（1,1）,that are the relative water content of the soil is 75%,the amount of fertilization is 10.8g per plant（N:2.59g,P₂O₅:6..91g,K₂O:1.3g）,themaximumyieldoftheBelamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéis 10.09g per plant at this time,the minimum moisture of the Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéis 8.8%,the minimum moisture ash content of Belamcanda chinensis（L.）Redoutéis 5.46%,it is concluded that the optimal combination of medicinal extracts is（0.55,0.25）,that is,the relative water content of the soil is 70.50%,and the amount of fertilizer is 9.72g per plant（N:2.33 g,P₂O₅:6.22 g,K₂O:1.17 g）,and the highest extract of the crude drug is 22.80%.