| At present, rocky desertification area reaches14,800square kms in Hunan, accounting for about7%of the total land area, involving35counties and cities. Moreover, this trend is spreading. However, the comprehensive management of rocky desertification is a long.term complex project, there are still many deficiencies about rocky governance measures and effectiveness evaluation studies. In this paper, on the basis of previous researches, studying rocky desertification watershed comprehensive management and effectiveness evaluation of Xinhua County,it aimed at optimizing the models and methods for rocky desertification.It can not only improve the scientificity and reliability for governance planning services and ecological management measures, but also provide a scientific basis to improve the ecological environment in Karst regions.This study, based on field investigation and indoor statistical analysis methods, rocky desertification status quo has been graded according to rock desertification factor evaluation method and desertification grading system convection, combined with the natural properties and the actual situation, afforestation (grass) mode and supporting engineering project measures have been established. Based on different comprehensive management, AHP, Delphi, AHP and other methods were used to evaluate the governance regional eco.efficiency, water and soil conservation which closely related to water storage and ecological benefits of rocky desertification also was assessed.The research results are as follows:(1)There are20,788.60hectares of rocky desertification land totally in the study area, accounting for51.48%of the total land area,1023.30hectares of potentially rocky desertification land, accounting for2.53%of the total land area,17,257.50hectares of non.rocky desertification land, accounting for42.74%of the total land area,1311.30hectares of non.karst land, accounting for3.25%of the total land area. In the study area, rocky desertification is very serious,especially regions of severe level and very severe level account for a large proportion, regions of potential, slight and moderate rocky desertification also take a large proportion;(2)Based on previous experience, a comprehensive analysis of the selected factor by most scholars in the study of karst rocky desertification, combined with the actual situation in the study area, it selected12driving factors formed the reference index of the reasons from the natural environment class, and explored the degree of influence on the formation of rocky desertification land by correlation analysis method, which significantly correlated with vegetation coverage、arable land、forest land area, unused land area, population density, agricultural population density, per capita agricultural income;(3)According to the analysis results, combined with the natural attributes and the actual situation, based on the establishment of afforestation (grass) technical measures mode, different governance models were used depending on the rocky desertification including Mode1.slash pine (locust and other broad.leaved mixed, ecological type), Mode2.cedar (with locust and a variety of broad.leaved species mixed,ecological type), Mode3.fir (locust and other broad.leaved trees kinds of mixed, ecological type), mode4. pure forest type of chestnut, mode5. pure forest type of Camellia.(4)Analysis the the rocky desertification status quo and combined with the actual situation of the local Xinhua County,different governance measures were took for different watershed according to the proposed afforestation (grass) technical measures mode,flow results were obtained:closed forest about6288.55hectares,955.64hectares of forest,3019.52hectares ecological forest,159hectares artificial grass,11reservoir of40m3,22pond repair of2100m3,3small dam of12000m3, silo5700m3stalls for construction of5700square meters,11forage machinery;(5)In accordance with the actual situation of the study area, basis on the analysis of16selected ecological factors which related on the biological effectiveness, soil, climate, hydrology, analytic hierarchy process, software.assisted methods were used and fuzzy sets membership functions was introduced for quantitative indicators.As a result, the eco.benefit score of rocky desertification control evaluation is64.18, eco.efficiency level is medium and the development situation is well; Soil conservation and water storage value were estimated that3282600m3of storage effect and270000tons of soil conservation benefit will reach,5years after the rocky desertification control measures be took. |
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