Investigation And Analysis On Wheat Production Benefit And Comprehensive Evaluation On Different Planting Management Models In Henan Province

In order to solve the problem of high input and low comprehensive benefit of diverse wheat planting models in Henan province wheat production,this study was conducted in 2013-2015,investigation the cost and economic benefit of different wheat planting models on a household basis with three typical wheat production counties of Henan province including Shangshui County,Kaifeng County and Wen County,conducted.At the same time,a contrast test was conducted in the three counties applying four planting management models,including farmer-accustomed planting model(CK),optimization & adjustment model(F1),super-high-yield model(F2)and high-yield high-efficiency model(F3),systematically analyzing current economic,ecological and social benefit under different wheat planting models of Henan province and comprehensively evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of different models through the data from household investigation and contrast test,as well as use of the analytic hierarchy process.The study result was as follows:1.In the investigated area,the cost structure of wheat mainly included the cost for seeds,fertilizer and machinery,and the cost for fertilizer and machinery accounted for a large proportion.The average yield of Kaifeng County was the highest,with the yield up to 5923.5kg/hm2,while Wen County had the highest cost yield of 109.53kg/100 yuan.According to the investigation,the extensive planting management was generally adopted by farmers for wheat planting,with high input of seed cost,large consumption of fertilizer,single fertilizer type,less use of organic fertilizer and large proportion of fertilizer and machinery cost in total cost.The fertilizer cost of Kaifeng County was the highest,2817.15 yuan/hm2,accounting for 37.05% of the total cost.Wen County had the highest machinery cost,2549.5 yuan/hm2,accounting for 47.47% of the total cost.The average yield of the three areas was 5564kg/ hm2.2.Among these plating models,the gross yield of super-high-yield model(F2)was the highest,while the net benefit of the high-yield high-efficiency model(F3)was the highest.In quality,there was no significant difference between F2 and F3 while they were superior to other models.The research result showed that,the wheat yield of different planting models in the three areas increased in gradient form,with the yield order being F2>F3>F1>CK,which indicates that usage amount of nitrogen fertilizer has great influence on wheat yield;in terms of yield structure,the yield increase of F2 resulted from the increase of thousand-seed weight and grain number per ear.For all the three areas,the highest content of wheat protein was generated by F2 while there was no significant difference between F2 and F3,which indicates that planting management model affects the content of protein contained in wheat grains.The content of wheat starch of F2 was the highest for all of the three areas,there was still no significant difference between F2 and F3 while there was significant difference between F2 and F1.For the four planting models in the three areas,the gross yield of F2 was the highest,compared with CK,49.9% higher in Shangshui County,16.38% higher in Kaifeng County and 22.33% higher in Wen County.At the same time,F1 had the lowest cost among the four planting models,with 8055 yuan per hectare in Shangshui County,9371 yuan per hectare in Kaifeng County and 9529.5 yuan per hectare in Wen County.And the change trend of net benefit of the three areas was F3>F2>F1>CK.Combining the factors above,it can be found that the gross yield of F2 was the highest while the net benefit of F3 was the highest,which indicates that high input of fertilizer results in high yield but fails to produce high benefit due to over-high cost.3.Through comprehensively analysis of the planting benefit of the four plating models using the analytic hierarchy process,it can be found that,the high-yield high-efficiency model(F3)generated the highest comprehensive benefit for each area with the average comprehensive score of 0.9680,followed by the super-high-yield mode(F2)with the average comprehensive score of 0.9571,0.8913 for the optimization & adjustment model(F1)and the lowest score of 0.8072 for the farmer planting model(CK).For the research about evaluation on comprehensive benefit of different planting models,the result showed that,the high-yield high-efficiency model(F3)obtained the highest score on comprehensive benefit for the three test areas,and the order of evaluation score was F3>F2>F1>CK.For all of the three areas,the high-yield high-efficiency model(F3)obtained the highest evaluation score on economic benefit and the super-high-yield mode(F2)obtained the highest evaluation score on social benefit.Compared with the farmer planting model(CK),seeding quantity of seeds,usage amount of fertilizer and the planting density of wheat were reduced,wheat tillering was promoted and the comprehensive benefit of wheat was improved through F1 processing.Compared with F2 processing,the usage amount of fertilizer was reduced,the utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer and ecological benefit were improved through F3 processing;the economic benefit of F3 processing was higher than that of F2,which indicates that the economic benefit of F3 by reducing cost input is higher than that of F2 by improving yield.