The Study Of Major Economic Traits In The36Tung Oil Tree Excellent Families

Tung oil tree originating in China, is China’s specific economic trees and the world-famous industrial oil trees, and Camellia, Chinese tallow, walnut listed as China’s four major woody oil plants. Pressed or extracted oil from the tung tree seeds is tung oil; tung oil is a kind of high quality drying oil and important industrial grease. Tung oil is one of the raw materials of biomass energy, and now the tung oil tree becomes a new type of environmentally friendly energy species with larger development prospects. It systematically studies the biological characters and economic traits of36tung oil tree families, tung oil’s physical and chemical properties as well as the fatty acid composition, which are from tung oil tree germplasm resources preservation testing site that built by Central South University of Forestry and Technology in Yongshun Qingtianping town in Hunan province. The result is shown below.1. There are significant differences between the morphological characteristics of the tung oil tree pedigree. In a single inflorescence, family ZNL-F6number of female flowers is1, ZNL-F14is the maximum number of female flowers as19.5; Male flowers of the minimum number is ZNL-F50as5.5flower, the most is ZNL-F26as106. In the comparison of male and female flower number, the highest one is ZNL-F50as2.2:1, and family ZNL-F26is the least one as1.4:50. In every flower inflorescence, ZNL-F26is the highest, there are109roses, and ZNL-F40is the least amount of family, only8.67flowers. In yield per plant, tree height, under branch height, ground diameter, shape, there are significant differences between tung oil tree families. Most of tung oil tree fruit are diameter fruit, but the fruit of family ZNL-F18is peach fruit shape, the fruit of ZNL-F21and ZNL-F29is a cone, and the fruit of ZNL-F27is flat spherical. ZNL-F39family fruit weight values up to97.65g, while the minimum value of an average weight of ZNL-F13only50.90g.2. There are significant differences between different tung oil tree families. ZNL-F29is the one of the tung tree families with the highest yield per plant as33.59kg; Family ZNL-F51is the lowest one with7.31kg. The highest family of oil production per plant is ZNL-F17,2.15kg; the lowest one is family ZNL-F13,0.39kg. It can learn that there is existence of mutual restraint and to promotion of the relationship between each trait by the correlation analysis of main economic traits of the tung oil tree. The correlation coefficient of the average fruit weight and fruit diameter is the maximum, and the r is0.918.3. There are significant differences between tung oil’s physical and chemical properties of different tung oil tree. The refractive index of36tung oil tree families is between1.51001.5220, the average is1.5161, which showed that the composition of fatty acid in tung oil is more double bonds, not high degree of saturation. Acid value with a mean of0.7558, but its range is bigger, from0.36to1.19, ZNL-F26acid value maximum, ZNL-F51acid value is the lowest, and tung oil contains a small amount of free fatty acids. Saponification value is higher, is from190.9to253.4, with a mean of211.71, the largest ZNL-F12saponification value, the smallest is ZNL-F51. Iodine value is from131.9to189.6, with a mean of160.94, the largest is the family ZNL-F33, and the smallest is ZNL-F53. There is a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in tung oil.4. There are some differences between the fatty aicds of the tung oil produced from different tung oil tree families. Fatty acid composition of tung oil had tested by meteorological chromatography. The chromatographic results showed that the unsaturated fatty acid content of the Tung is small; its saturated fatty acid content of about5%, about95%of the unsaturated fatty acid content as measured. Eleostearic acid content in the tung oil is in an average of81.26%, and there is27families in the family which is more than80%of the eleostearic acid content, wherein the a eleostearic acid content in the80%or more of the six families. The mean of the rest fatty acid content is that linolenic acid0.76%, linoleic acid7.76%,5.95%oleic, stearic acid2.21%,2.40%palmitic acid. The family, which is with the lower eleostearic content then the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid content, is relatively higher.