Applications Of The Novel Ambient Mass Spectrometry On The Analysis Of The Biological Samples

Mass spectrometry (MS) is currently becoming a powerful and irreplaceable tool for life analysisdue to its high sensitivity, high accuracy, high analysis speed and easy automation. In traditional massspectrometry, samples must undergo cumbersome sample preparation, which may include freezing,grinding, extraction, separation, etc. The sample pretreatment is often tedious and time-consuming.Complicated sample pretreatment can bring reproducibility issues and cause un-trackable experimentalerrors even operated by an experienced researcher. To make it worse, valuable compounds may get lostor changed if the most suitable solvent to the research aims is not employed in extraction. In recentyears, the invention and utilization of the novel ambient mass spectrometry is responsible for the rapiddevelopment of life sciences field. This thesis mainly introduces the application of several new ambientmass spectrometric techniques in the analysis of some conventional biosamples, such as serum, sputumsample, some life organization. The contents are organized in4main themes that correspond to majorresearch directions.1A novel method was developed for the direct and rapid analysis of trace serum and sputum by theuse of desorption atomospheric chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS) coupling with ahome-made trace sampler without any sample pretreatment. The data of the fingerprint spectrum areanalyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrate that DAPCI-MS is aususful and rapid analysis tool for detecting most chemical substances in the serum and sputum sample,especially suitable for the analysis of trace precious sample.2A novel method was developed for the direct and rapid analysis of viscous sputum using neutraldesorption-extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ND-EESI-MS). The viscous sputumsample of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the normal are analyzed by theND-EESI-MS without any sample pretreatment. With the application of principal component analysis(PCA), NSCLC group were successfully differentiated from normal group. The results demonstrate thatND-EESI-MS is capable of tolerating the influence of complex matrix and desorbing viscous sputumsample efficiently. This methods coupling with PCA can contribute to early diagnosis of NSCLC rapidlyand non-invasively.3A new method of Tip electrospray mass spectrometry (Tip-Spray-MS) was established for theanalysis of tissue without any sample pretreatment. Based on the application of PCA, lung cancer groupwere successfully differentiated from the normal group. It is a rapid, sensitive method and able to beapplied in the clinical biopsy and early diagnosis of lung cancer.4A novel ambient mass spectrometry method was developed named internal ExtractiveElectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. The mechanism of internal EESI-MS and its application inthe analysis of biological samples was investigated and the results showed that the internal EESI-MS issensitive and capable of obtaining most of imformation when the volume soild sample was analyzed,. Itprovide a sensitive and rapid new method for clinical tissue analysis.