| Hepatitis B is widely epidemic in China。 National viral hepatitis epidemiological survey during1992-1995showed that hepatitis B virus carrier rate reached9.75%in China, and that120million people carried the hepatitis B virus. In recent years the incidence and morbidity rates of hepatitis B were among the highest level in the legal reporting infectious diseases. Hepatitis B is one of the most prominent public health problems in present.Comprehensive measures have been taken to prevent hepatitis B with vaccination as main measure by the Ministry of Health. Newborns Hepatitis B vaccination would reduce the incidence of hepatitis B in the whole crowd. It was in1992implementation when newborns hepatitis B vaccination began. And it was free to immunize newborn in2003. Serological survey of HBV infection was carried out in1999and2009.ObjectiveTo evaluation the effect of hepatitis B vaccine vaccination, with recent information of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination rate, incidence rate of hepatitis B, and information of survey on hepatitis B virus infection and immune among1-18years old group.Materials and MethodsThe subjects included all children under7years in Zhoukou City. By collecting and analysising data on vaccination clinics service frequency, report forms of the hepatitis B vaccine vaccination, survey on hepatitis B vaccine vaccination, it comprehensivly evaluated the frequency of hepatitis B vaccine vaccination service and the situation of vaccination rate. A seroepidemiological survey about hepatitis B virus infection and immunity among1-18years old group was carried out to evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine immunization in Zhoukou in2009. It took a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. The survey was divided into four groups:1-4age group,5-9age group,10-14age group and15-18age group. The units surveyed included10communities and20were sampled in each age group in each village. The total sample size was2,400. and600in each age group. This survey was executed by county level investigators after the uniform training who investigated cases and collected serum samples, The HBsAg and anti-HBs were detected by Zhoukou Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Statiatic analysis:Double record database was established. SPSS12.0software was used to analyze the data. Chi-square test was applied in statistical analysis.Results1. Vaccination Network and hepatitis B vaccination frequency During2004to2009, it was perfect for the city’s hepatitis B vaccination network. The frequency of hepatitis B vaccine vaccination operation in the vaccination clinics reached more than12times, providing sufficient opportunity for children to immunize.2. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage data reported Each vaccination clinics should submit12report forms one year. All196vaccination clinics should submit2352report forms one year in2004-2009. And the actual number of report forms was2352. The report completion rate was100%.3. Newborns hepatitis B vaccination The reported hepatitis B vaccine vaccination rate remained more than90%in more than90%township vaccination clinics during2004to2009with township as a unit. And all of the reported hepatitis B vaccine vaccination rates reached more than90%which exceeded the target with county as a unit. The timely vaccined hepatitis B vaccination rate within24hours reached more than80%in more than96%townships. Annual survey data showed that vaccination rates of hepatitis B vaccination remained above90%with the county as a unit from2004to2009. 4. Changes of hepatitis B incidence The hepatitis B incidence showed a rising trend year by year in Zhoukou during from2004to2009. The incidence number was9702, and the incidence rate was91.20per100thousand in2004. And the incidence number13564, the incidence rate146.45per100thousand in2009. The incidence rate was44.61%higher in2009than in2004. The hepatitis B incidence showed a yearly declining trend among people under15years old. The incidence number of hepatitis B was1274in under15years old group in2004, and the incidence rate was45.83per100thousand. The number was510and the rate was25.34per100thousand in under15years old group in2009. Compared2009with2004, the incidence rate decreased44.71%. In different year from2004to2009, the incidence rate in differend age group showed rising tendency with age. The incedence rates were lowest in0-age group and1-age group, and slowly increased in3-age group and7-age group, and significantly higher in8-age group. Comparing incedence rates in the same age in different year, there is slight change in0-age group,1-age group,2-age group and3-age group, and it showed declining tendency especially from2006to2009.5. Survey on hepatitis B virus infection and immunity in2009among1-18years old group The HBsAg positive rate was2.29%among2449respondents. And1-4age group’s HBsAg positive rate was1.28%,5-9age group’s was1.78%,10-14age group’s was2.14%. and15-18age group’s was4.00%. It showed an increase trend with age on HBsAg positive rate. The anti-HBs positive rate was81.18%among2449respondents of which1-4age group’s anti-HBs positive rate was90.22%,5-9age group’s was85.25%,10-14age group’s was80.92%, and15-18age group’s was67.83%. It showed declining tendency with age on anti-HBs positive rate. The fully immunized rate of Hepatitis B vaccine was75.12%among2449repondents of which1-4age group’s fully immunized rate was92.15%.5-9age group’s was87.36%,10-14age group’s was68.75%. and15-18age group’s was51.25%. It showed declining tendency with age on fully immunized rate. Compare wih the survey results in1999, the HBsAg positive rate (2.29%) declined5.68%than the rate of1999(7.97%); the anti-HBs positive rate (81.18%) increased37.40%than the rate of1999(50.82%); the fully immunized rate (75.12%) increased46.53%than the rate.of1999(40.17%). ConclusionIncidence rates and infectional rates of hepatitis B have been significantly reduced in Zhoukou mainly by implementation of hepatitis B vaccinination, as well as Hepatitis B immune barrier has been initially formed.1. The network for hepatitis B vaccinating was strong in Zhoukou, both the vaccination rate and vaccination cold-chain service times reached the state specified target.2. The hepatitis B incidence number, incidence rate decreased year by year among population under the age of15in Zhoukou.3. The HBsAg positive rate was2.29%among the1-18year-olds in Zhoukou. which reached a low level. The positive rate was1.28%among the child<5years old. which achieved the goal less than2%among the child<5years old that proposed by World Health Organization, but not achieving the goal less than1%among the child <5years old proposed by China government. The anti-HBs positive rate reached81.18%which showed that population immunity barrier has initially established. |
PDF Full Text Request