The Relationship Between The Expression Of Adiponectin And AMPK And Insulin Resistance In Pregnant Rats Fed High Sucrose-fat Diet

Background and ObjectivesGDM is seriously endangering the health of mothers and babies and is closely related to a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Currently, most people believe that insulin resistance is one of the common pathogenesis of GDM and type2diabetes. The impact of environmental factors on insulin resistance has aroused widespread concern. Studies have shown that high-calorie diet is an important factor leading to obesity and insulin resistance. A large amount of researches found that Adiponectin and AMPK are the key factors for the regulation of insulin and glucose metabolism, and play an important role in obesity and type2diabetes patients with insulin resistance.However, the relationship between them and insulin resistance of GDM is not clear. The dietary intervention during pregnancy can improve the IR of gestational diabetes, and the molecular mechanism needs further study.The experiment observed the expression of Adiponectin in adipose tissue and AMP-activated protein kinase in skeletal muscle tissue,and the changes after the dietary interventions, and then studied the relationship between the expression of Adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase and insulin resistance of pregnant rat with high sucrose and fat diet. Subjects and MethodsSeventy-five healthy female SD rats,weighting180-200g,were randomly divided into five groups:normal diet virgin rat (NV) group, normal diet pregnant rat (NP) group, high sucrose-fat diet virgin rat (HV) group,high sucrose-fat diet pregnant rat(HP) group, dietary intervention for pregnant rat(GHP) group. Adequate food and water for six weeks, mating two females rats with one male rat. We found spermatozoids by microscopic examination that was the first day of gestation. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at18days after gestation. Twenty days after gestation, fast water12hours, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated according FPG and FINS. RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of Adiponectin mRNA in adipose tissue and AMPK mRNA in skeletal muscle tissue.All data were compared and analyzed with SPSS13.0statistic software.Results1. Compared with HV group, NP group and NV group, the levels of body weight, lipids, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR increased significantly in HP group(P<0.05); compared with HP group, all parameters decreased significantly in GHP group (P＜0.05); compared with NP group, all parameters increased significantly in GHP group (P＜0.05).2. In OGTT, levels of plasma glucose at0,30,60,120min showed significant difference in five groups (P<0.05); compared with NV group, levels of plasma glucose increased Significantly in NP group and HV group (P<0.05); compared with NP group, levels of plasma glucose increased significantly in GHP group (P<0.05); the level of plasma glucose in GHP was lower than that of HP group (P<0.05)3. Compared with HV group, NP group and NV group, the expression of Adiponectin mRNA in HP group decreased significantly(P<0.05); compared with NP group, the expression of Adiponectin mRNA in GHP group decreased significantly (P<0.05);the level of Adiponectin mRNA in GHP was higher than that of HP group (P<0.05); the level of Adiponectin mRNA in HV group decreased significantly than NV and NP groups (P＜0.05)4. Compared with HV group, NP group and NV group, the expression of Adiponectin mRNA in HP group decreased significantly(P<0.05); compared with NP group, the expression of AMPK mRNA in GHP group decreased significantly (P<0.05); the level of AMPK mRNA in GHP group no significant change compared with HP group; levels of AMPK mRNA in HV group decreased significantly than NV and NP groups (P<0.05)5. The expression of Adiponectin mRNA and AMPK mRNA negatively correlated with HOMA-IR in HP group (r=-0.718,-0.627;P=0.013,0.039); the expression of Adiponectin mRNA direct correlated with the levels of AMPK mRNA in HP group(r=0.647, P=0.031).Conclusions1. The levels of body weight, lipids, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR increase significantly in pregnant rats fed high sucrose-fat diet, suggest that a model of pregnant insulin resistance rats was established.2. The expression of Adiponectin mRNA and AMPK mRNA in pregnant rats fed high sucrose-fat diet decrease significantly,and correlated with HOMA-IR negatively; Adiponectin and AMPK play an important role in GDM.3. Dietary intervention during pregnancy can improve insulin resistance, the mechanism may be related with adiponectin.