Study On Development Of Physical And Neurobehavioral Of Low Birth Weight Infant

Low birth weight infant (LBWI) is the live-birth newborns which birth weight is less than2500g.Along with the development of technology medicine and newborn care, the survival rate of LBWI improve continuously. However, it also brings new problems, for example, the growth and development of aftering birth.This problems has become the focus of attention of the medicine.It is generally think that the growth of fetus befor and after birth is a process that can not be completely separated. LBWI not only influences the neonatal period,but also the infants period,even the development of preschool and adulthood period.The infants period (0-3years old) is a key period of developing of physical and neurobehavioral and is an important period of lifetime of physical and mental health.So,we should pay enough attention on it.The causes of LBWI are premature and fetal intrauterine growth retardation and so on.The causes of intrauterine growth retardation is placenta perfusion inadequacy. Preterm delivery and LBW is not only the key factor of neonatal morbidity and mortality,but also the crucial factor of growth and development at late time.Athough many people think that there is no difference between LBWI and normal full term birth (NBWI) during growth process in the future or could reach catching up in the short term, but that is not the case. ObjectiveThis research used the LBWI as the research objects and adopted the growth test,intellectual determination scale to describe the development of physical and neurobehavioral of LBWI during0-12month period and analyzed the related influenceing factors of LBWI on development of neurobehavioral and riched the evaluation system of growth and neurobehavioral for LBWI in this stage and provided the theory basis for interventing measures early.Materials and methods1. MaterialsSixty-five LBWI deliveried from Sept.2010to Nov.2011and enrolled in Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU),the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,were as observe group,male,36cases,female29cases.One hundred thirty-two NBWI born in obstetrics of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,from the same period,were as control group,male,67cases,female,65cases.The main basic situations involving two groups of newborns included,birth weight,birth length,the way of childbirth,gestational age,gravida,time of production and so on.There was statistically difference on the way of childbirth, birth weight,birth length between two groups (P<0.05),other basic situations were similar (P>0.05).Parents demographic characteristics included,the age of the parents when birth, cultural degree of parents,family income monthly, size of bedroom. There was statistically difference on cultural degree of mother between two groups,other basic situations were similar (P>0.05)2. MethodsTook the voluntary principle of parents,infants of two groups received the test of physical and development of neurobehavioral in6month and12month. According to 《Zhu Futang Practice of Pediatricss》 diagnostic criteria,including height,weight,head circumference.Used the Children’s develompent center of China (CDCC) to test the development of intelligence in6month and12month.Compared Physical development index (MDI) and Psy-chomotor development index (PDI).Analysed the influence factors on MDI and PDI between two group.Used the questionnaire to collecte demographic characteristics of parents,care of family,etc.Analysed the correlation between every factors and the development of neuralbehavior of LBWI.First of all,compared and analyzed the basic situations and demographic characteristics of parents on two groups. Secondly,compared the development of physical and neuralbehavior between two groups.Finally,do the linear regression.Put the MDI and PDI of LBWI in12month as the dependent variable, put the probable related factors as the independent variable.Results1. The comparison of the general situation of two groups.The group of LBW was65.The average gestational age was34.42±2.098w and the average weight was2134.82±341.247g.The control group of NBW was132, the average gestational age was38.67±2.287w and the average weight was3378.83±469.170g.There was statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW in gestational age (P<0.05). There was statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW in average weight ((P<0.05).There was no statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW in sex (P>0.05)2. The comparison of physical and neurobehavioral of two groupsThe development of physique and neurobehavioral of group LBW were inferior to group NBW in6month and12month.In6month,there was statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW on weight,height, head circumference (P<0.05).And there was statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW on MDI and PDI (<0.05).In12month, there was statistically significant difference between group LBW and group NBW on weight,height,head circumference (P<0.05).And there was statistically difference between group LBW and group NBW on MDI and PDI (P<0.05) 3. The analysis of related factors on development of neurobehavioral of NBWIRegression analysis showed that the development of neurobehavioral of NBWI was influenced by various factors.The factors of influenceing the MDI included estational age,birth weight,family income monthly,cultural degree of mother,feeding method,early education,early swimming and touch. It was negative correlation betwwen the cultural degree of father and the MDI of12months ((β=-0.176, P<0.05).The factors of influenceing the PDI were estational age,birth weight,family income monthly,cultural degree of mother,feeding method,early education,early swimming and touch.There was no correlation betwwen cultural degree of father,early swimming and touch with PDI((β=0.103�'�β=-0.065,P>0.05)Conclusions1The development of physique(height, weight, head circumference) of LBWI was inferior to NBWI between0to12month.2The development of neurobehavioral (MDI、PDI) of LBWI was inferior to NBWI between0to12month.3The development of neurobehavioral was influenced by various factors,includeing:birth weight, gestational age, feeding method, early education, cultural level of mother, family income monthly and so on.