| Objective: to explore risk factors and the characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia ,we Tracked follow-up the weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of 8 growth development monitoring time and intellective development index for aged 0-3 years macrosomia,and established normal birth weight infants as The control group.And Their parents were investigated retrospectively at the same time.Through the study we will carrye out propaganda and education to maternal and reverse the mistake conception of that greater fetal is better ago in order to good prenatal and postnatal care.Methods: Randomly draw out the children who birth in our hospital from February 1 in 2004 to January 31 in 2006 ,who had the complete growth development monitoring card in health care manual ,that was established in health care center. 68 macrosomias and 68 normal birth weish infants(136cases) Selected by 1:1 case- control study were analyzed, in these boys is 58 pairs and girls is10 pairs . their MDI and PDI were tested and Calculated by CDCC method When macrosomias and normal birth weight infants was 30 months and the weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of 8 growth development monitoring time in their health care manual were recored ..According to the weight, length,and BMI standards of WTO aged 0-5 years children, the weight, length and BMI were Calculated by SDS,and the results retrospective investigation were recored for Their parent. risk factors and the characteristic patterns of development changes of macrosomia by conditional logoutic regression, t test and x2 test.Results: (1)After the study we will carrye out propaganda, when parents had tthe length ,Weight of parents ,weight gains at the time of pregnancy.,,the less activity over-nutrition,family obesity and the history of the mother's diabetes.At the period of infants was significantly diferent with that of control group(P<0.05).(2) Macrosomia group was weigher than normal birth weight infants group in the weight and length of 8 growth development monitoring time and macrosomia group was longer than normal birth weight infants in length from 3 to 30 months.However,the length of macrosomia group was not significantly diferent with that of control group when they were 36 months(P>0.05). The head circumference of macrosomia group was not significantly diferent with normal birth weight infants(P>0.05).The chest circumference was significantly different when they were 3 months(P<0.05). (3)The weight and length Z-sore of macrosomia group was higher than normal birth weight infant group in 8 growth development monitoring time,and was significantly diferent with normal birth weight infants(P<0.05). The mean weight and length Z-sore curve of macrosomia group was at the top of that of normal birth weight infant group. The weight and length Z-sore of macrosomia group was positive,but the mean weight and length Z-sore curve tended to baseline. The weight and length Z-sore normal birth weight infant group had the peak when them were 3 months. The length Z-sore of macrosomia group had the peak when them were 3 months,but the weight Z-sore of macrosomia group hadn't the peak. The mean weight Z-sore was higher than the mean length Z-sore of macrosomia in 8 growth development monitoring time. The mean weight Z-sore was higher than the mean length Z-sore of normal birth weight infant group before 12 months and lower than that from 12 to 36 months.The body type trended to obesity for macrosomia group (4) The speed curve of in the growth Of two grophs indicated that the mean weight and length growed most fastly when them were 3 months,but growth curve tended to smooth when they were 6 months. The speed curve of in the growth in the weight and length of macrosomia group was under that of normal birth weight infants.The growth speeds in the weight and length of macrosomia group was not significantly diferent with normal birth weight infants when them were 3 months (P>0.05). However, the growth speeds in the weight and length of macrosomia group was significantly diferent with normal birth weight infants from 6 to 24 months (P<0.05), and two groups wasn't significantly different after 24 months (P>0.05).(5) In 8 growth development monitoring time of two group, BMI of macrosomia group was higher than that normal birth weight infant group, was significantly diferent with normal birth weight infant group (P<0.05). The mean BMI Z-sore curve of macrosomia group was at the top of baseline(zero) and that of normal birth weight infant group in 8 growth development monitoring time. The mean BMI Z-sore curve Normal birth weight infant group was lower than baseline from 12 months. The mean BMI Z-sore curve of two grophs had the peak when them were 3 months. (6)MDI and PDI of macrosomia group was significantly diferent with normal birth weight infant group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Conclusions:The study implied:there were a high risk of macrosomia at birth when parents had tthe higher length , heavier weight of parents ,weight gains at the time of pregnancy. macrosomia at birt was associated with the less activity ,over-nutrition,family obesity,the history of the mother's diabetes.At the period of infants and young children, Macrosomias were weigher than normal birth weight infants in the weight. macrosomia wasn't longer than normal weight birth infants in length from 36 months. Macrosomias tended to Shot- obesity body type. The head circumferences of macrosomias were similar to these of normal weight birth infants.and the chest circumference were longer than that of normal weight birth infants only when they were 3 months. the growth speeds in the weight and length of macrosomia group wasn't diferent with normal birth weight infants when they were 3 months,but were lower than that of normal birth weight infants after 3 months. At the period of infants and young children, Macrosomias were weigher than normal birth weight infants in BMI,and macrosomias had the higher proportion of obesity than normal birth weight infants.The mental development and psycho-moter pevelopmental were behind normal birth weight infants.
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