The Investigation And Analysis On The Health Status Of Rural Senior Citizens In The National Linyi Economic And Technological Development Area

Research Background:Health is the eternal theme of the human beings. Nowadays, the aging populationis the common social problem in most countries of the world. The health status ofsenior citizens has been receiving a lot of publicity. In recent years, many scholars inour country have made a lot of research on this problem. As peasants are the mainforce in agricultural producing, the health status of peasants is the most importantfactor in the new countryside construction. However, the research on the health statusof senior citizens in rural areas is not enough. Since the China new health care reform,it is an important task to accelerate the basic public health service. The health carereform also provides us with a good opportunity to study systematically and analyzethe health status of senior citizens in rural areas and put forward the healthinterventions. Under the background of rapid aging population, the challenge we facetogether is how to improve the health status of senior citizens and extend their lifeexpectancy and living independency, so as to lighten the burden of social and familyand ease the pressure of medical and health service and finally build a healthy andharmonious aging society. This study will discuss the health status related to the livingindependence of senior citizens and relative factors.Research Objective:Linyi is the largest city with the biggest population in Shandong province.According to the Linyi Statistical Yearbook in2011, the total population in Linyi is10,726,000, and the population of senior citizens is1,422,000, most of which live inthe rural areas. That how is the health status of the senior citizens in rural areas andhow does the government carry out the health management of these senior citizens areshort of the basic data. This study will provide with scientific basic to develop thehealth care policy for the local government.Research Methods:According to the service items in “The State Basic Public Health Norms (2011Edition)”, cluster random sampling method is adopted. This survey method is carriedout by face-to-face interview including self-evaluation of the living independenceability, health self-evaluation, and living habits of senior citizens such as physical exercise, eating habits, smoking, Alcohol drinking etc. The main health problem,hospitalized cases, health evaluation etc. are also important contents of the interview.In addition, the senior citizens over65years old are invited to attend the health checksincluding body temperature, body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose. Physicalexamination files are built up and chronic disease and relative factors will beanalyzed.Research Results:1500senior citizens are involved in this survey, the maximum age is99, andthe minimum age is65. The physical index, including BMI, blood pressure, bloodglucose etc. all show abnormal. The detection rate of abnormal blood pressure,overweight and obesity, abnormal blood glucose is53.07%,46.47%and25.2%respectively.During interview with the senior citizens, as for the health self-evaluation, thesatisfactory account for77.8%, the basically satisfactory account for20.1%. Duringthe living independency ability evaluation, the senior citizens who have the livingindependency ability account for98%. As for the eating habits of senior citizens inrural areas, the vegetable diet account for9.87%, the meat diet account for1.07%, thevegetable and meat diet account for88.33%. As for the smoking of the senior citizens,the non-smoking account for85%, the smoking account for13.93%, withoutconsidering the sex factor. As for the physical exercise, the senior citizens nevertaking exercise account for99%, the senior citizens taking exercise everyday and overonce a week account for1%.As for the visual examination, the detection rate of abnormal vision account for82.74%, which ranks the top. As for the oral examination, the detection rate ofabnormal oral function accounts for31.87%. As for the hearing examination, thehearing impairment accounts for19.33%. As for the motor function, the seniorcitizens who cannot finish any action account for1.67%.The single factor analysis shows that, as for the prevalence rate of diabetes,there is no significant difference between male and female. But for the overweightand obesity，the difference is obvious and the prevalence rate of the female is higherthan that of the male. The influencing factors of high blood pressure include gender,smoking, body mass index and blood glucose(P<0.05). The influencing factors ofdiabetes include eating habits, body mass index, physical exercise frequency (P<0.05). The influencing factors of overweight and obesity include gender, age, smoking,drinking and blood glucose (P<0.05).During the analysis on chronic disease factors, non-conditional logisticregression model is adopted. The risk factors of high blood pressure are BMI andblood glucose. The risk factors of diabetes are the vegetable diet and BMI. Theprotective factors of overweight and obesity are smoking and the increased age, andthe risk factors are the high blood glucose and female.Conclusion:1. There are a large number of senior citizens in the National Linyi Economicand Technological Development Area. The senior citizens over65years old accountfor9.62%, and the female are more than male.2. Through the health self-evaluation of senior citizens, the satisfactory accountfor77.8%, the basically satisfactory account for20.1%. During the livingindependency ability evaluation, the senior citizens who have the ability of livingindependency account for98%.3. The chronic disease morbidity of senior citizens is high, and the types ofdisease are various. The high blood pressure, overweight and obesity, and diabetesrank the top three.