The Discussion Of Kant’s Moral Philosophy

The Discussion of Kant’s Moral PhilosophyAs a representative of the German rationalism, Kant also made his critical rationalism as the philosophy foundation of ethics, embarking from the kind will, with good will, obligation, absolute command, general law, self-discipline, objective Kingdom, freedom and other core concepts for the foundation, to build a morals building of metaphysics. Kant have launched a revolution in moral philosophy. Since two centuries, scholars have made in-depth studies on f Kant’s ethics from many aspects, and achieved a series of significant research results.This paper first focuses on the theoretical connotation of Kant’s moral philosophy and the authentication logic, attempts to deep understanding of Kant’s moral philosophy. Kant first proposed that the good will has the best moral value and the synonym of he good will is responsibility. Then Kant derived about of three propositions of the responsibility. The third proposition of the responsibility is: responsibility is the behavior necessity derived from respecting law. Then what are the characteristics of the law? He believed that moral law works in the form of categorical imperative, and put forward three formulas concerning the categorical imperative, they are common law formula, people objective formula and self-discipline formula, which were referred to the moral law by Kant. Finally, through the will autonomy, Kant infer the existence of freedom, and the immortality of the soul, the existence of god.In the second chapter the thesis summarizes the internal logic of Kant’s moral philosophy. Of course, Kant in his writings had elaborated its ethics logic, but Kant’s logic proof system have the places that are worth to discuss. The article is to study from a new starting point of his logic, namely according to Kant’s philosophy basic spirit first examines the moral law is thing-in-itself, then to sort out his logic. The article thinks, the moral law is thing-in-itself, with the property of universal laws, is the only moral rule consistent with the three rule of categorical imperative; people can discover that good will is the universal law through rational intuition, because respecting the law, people will choose good will as their own action rule, then the kind will become the categorical imperative to restrains peoples’ behavior; based on the analysis of good will universal law, we obtained three formulas of categorical imperative, and three formula of categorical imperative are the property of good will universal law; the moral law is the condition to know the free, we can infer the presence of free by self-discipline:people selection good will as his action rules, this is a freedom of choice; finally, the rational criticism had new results:the world is divided into two areas which are natural and human society, humans through rational intuition can know the thing-in-itself of the human society--the moral law, and thus to infer that the thing-in-itself should be presence in natural areas, the thing-in-itself of natural areas are the foundation of natural phenomenon, but can’t understand by human.This is the cognitive function with rationalIn the third chapter, this paper compares the Kant’s good will with communist morality, and analyzed whether good will can achieve and how to achieve. By comparing the good will with communist morality, we can has a more comprehensive understanding on n two kinds of moral, can even imagine the realistic possibility of achieving Kant kind will--the establishment of the Communist system.The purpose of this paper is to investigate every concept intension of Kant’s moral philosophy, and to understand each concept significance, and about combing all the logical relationships between the concepts no contradiction, even to the extent that reconstruct the logic of Kant’s moral philosophy. So from this point of view, study of Kant’s moral philosophy inherent logic is to understand Kant’s ethics by the author ’s thinking.Make the moral law as a step forward study, we can find out the premise of German law metaphysical; as a step backward inquiry, we can explore the Kantian ethics in practice we can derive meaning. So we can say, the moral law of Kant’s moral philosophy is the logical starting point to rearrange Kant’s moral philosophy, and from the new inherent logic of Kant’s moral philosophy, it can help us have a better understanding of Kant’s philosophy.