Querying The Validity Of Specifier

For a unified explanation of language structure,Chomsky puts forward theX-bar theory. At this time he introduces the term specifier.Specifier,as anindispensable part of XP, does not have a unitary definition. It is just regarded as aleftward component of XP. Therefore, various kinds of specifier have differentfunctions:[Spec,N’] is the determiner of NP,[Spec,V’] is the auxiliay of VP,and[Spec,A’] is the set of degree modifiers of AP. After the appearance of functionalcategary I(inflection) or T(tense), X-bar theroy is also applied to the analysis ofsentence. The subject of a sentence is on the node of specifier. Speifier of functionalphrase provides the landing site for movement. However, there is no one canstraightforward answer such questions:what is specifier and how can we tell whethera given expression functions as a specifier or not? This study starts from the N&Sconditions, by analysis of the logical process of language derivation, to find out theuniversal mechanism of language structure, and to demonstrate this unreasonableterminology.This research finds that Chomsky’s English only linguistic data directly makesthe Universal Grammar is not universal,and the [Spec,X’]schema is a lineardescription for particular language,and also makes the redundance of the terminologyof specifier.The nonrigid existence of specifier extremely challenges the X-bartheory.In order to solve those problems, highly idealized and abstract reasoning willbe adopted to reconstruct the theoretic mode of linguistic mechanism and its workingstate from the very point of logic. First of all,this paper will review the N&Sconditions for composing a basic frame of human languages(NP+VP),and analyzethe constructions of NP,VP,AP,AdvP and PP respectively to prove the non-existenceof specifier; then, it will reconstruct the basic mechanism for human languageprocessing:the direct computational units for a sentence are phrases, among which NP and VP are the N&S conditions for a simple sentence. The new language framewill meet the requirement of highly abstract and idealized description of themechanism and working state of human language.