Study On Fu Shan’s Taoism Thought

Fu Shan’s thought holds an important position in Chinese history of thought, producing a profound influence to his time and later ages. As an important part of his academic thought, Fu Shan’s Taoism is also sparkling. This thesis combines the approaches of philology and history of thought, in conjunction with other research theories, aiming to reach a deep grasp of the rich intension of Fu Shan’s Taoism as well as his spirit of times involved.The thesis consists of five parts. The introduction expounds the topic and its meanings, reviews the previous studies, and briefly introduces the research methods and basic ideas. The first chapter analyzes the background of the formation of Fu Shan’s Taoism, in three aspects: ideology and culture changes of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, family learning and interpersonal communication. The second chapter discusses the main contents of Fu Shan’s Taoism, with the stress on Fu Shan’s interpretation of the Taoism, Chuang Tzu and Dan-Taoism. Section I expatiates the main contents of Fu’s Taoism, from "Follow nature","Follow one’s nature" and "Non-action", and generalizes its characteristics as critical spirit and complex of Taoism, advocating being open to learn from others and innovation. Section II introduces how Fu Shan became attached to Chuang Tzu, and then discusses Fu’s analysis of two important concepts,"Peripateticism" and "Equality of Things".Section III introduces the contents and characteristics of Fu Shan’s Dan-Taoism. The first section of chapter three focuses on the most principle feature of Fu Shan’s Taoism——"the Syncretism of Three Religions"(Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism), mainly discusses the integration of Confucianism and Taoism and the mutual complement of Buddhism and Taoism, highlighting Fu Shan’s academic spirit of all-inclusive learning. Based on the specific historical background of Late Ming to Early Qing Dynasty, section2of chapter three analyzes Fu Shan’s initiative in Confucius grounding on Taoism and its distinctive impact on research of Lao Tzu, Chuang Tzu; The author also briefly summarizes Fu Shan’s personal influence, arrives at the conclusion that Fu Shan played an enlightening role in modern China academic and social reformation thus he deserve a place in Chinese history of academic thought.The Epilogue section discusses the significance of studying on Fu Shan from Adherents Dynasty and Taoist two kinds identity,based on the conclution of this article.