Poland Subjugated History And The Written Of Nationalism In The Late Qing Dynasty

With the background that Chinese scholars hoped to warn people by tragic stories of subjugation, the subjugated history of foreign countries was introduced to the late Qing Dynasty. It’s an important part of patriotic history. As a part of foreign subjugated history, Poland subjugated history was used as a tool of the written of nationalism to interact with other social factors especially the concepts of nationalism, and it promoted the development of nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty. The research of subjugated history of foreign counties especially the Poland subjugated history was few, so it has great significance in counting the spread of Poland subjugated history and investigating the reflected change of social thought as to understand the change of social thought and research the nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty.The paper is divided into five parts, including three chapters, the introduction and the conclusion.The introduction includes the reasons of selecting the topic, the research condition, the achievement of the paper and the research method. In order to achieve the operability of the statistics, I define the Poland subjugated history as books and articles about Poland subjugated history translated and written by the Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty. Chapter one is the introduction of Poland knowledge:from general knowledge of history to the written of nationalism. This chapter has two parts. The first part introduces the process that the general knowledge of Poland history spreads. The time period is mainly concentrated between the Ming Dynasty and Jiawu Sino-Japanese War. The Poland knowledge was scattered in books of world history and geography. The second part analyses the background of Poland subjugated history from China’s survival environment after Jiawu Sino-Japanese War, western learning introduced in to China and Chinese demand. Also this part statistics the situation of Poland subjugated history in the form of table.Chapter two is Poland subjugated history written in Chinese. This chapter has three parts and it analyses books and articles written by Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty. The first part is mainly about that during the deepening of China’s national crisis and scholars’explanation,"Poland" became a symbol of "subscribe". In the second part, I analyze different political factions’understanding, both constitutionalists’and revolutionaries’, about Poland subjugated history. The third part discusses articles that involve the war between Japan and Russia which happened in1904-1905. In this chapter, we can know the content and situation about the Poland subjugated history in the late Qing Dynasty and the attitude of the scholars.Chapter three is about the Poland subjugated history and the change of the concept of "nation","martial"and "the same race". As is known, the concept of "nation","martial" and "the same race" are connected with the nationalism’s basis, method and objectin the late Qing Dynasty. This chapter tries to explore how the Poland subjugated history was connected with these concepts and what was the attitude of scholars toward these concepts. There are three parts in this chapter. In the first part, I want to discuss the interaction between the change of scholar’s attitude about "nation"and the change of Polish image from "subjugation" to "country subjugate but people still survive". The second part tries to discuss the interaction between the change of scholar’s attitude about "matial" and the scholars’focus change from reasons of Polish subjugation to Polish national spirit of the Patriots. The third part discusses scholars’new attitude about "the same race" though the drama of<Gua Zhong Lan Yin> and how they explained the Poland subjugated history in a new perspective.In the conclusion I discuss how scholars shaped and read the Poland subjugated history under a new understanding of subjugation and I have an idea about the limitation of Poland subjugated history in the late Qing Dynasty.