Study In The Relationship Of Sense And The Validity Of Literary Interpretation

The philosophical process of hermeneutics began from Schleiermacher’s methodology hermeneutics in the19th century."Significance", is the core of hermeneutics. Experts on hermeneutics in each period, directly, or indirectly (through "interpreting" concepts) delivered relative theories. With the decisional basis of "significance" changing from author’s original intent to the existence of truth, then to changes of text, effectiveness of interpreting also changed. During this process of changing, knowledge of how "meaning" can be interpreted effectively, and knowledge of relations between effective criterion and standards had been enriched. Then to literature interpretation, the effectiveness of interpretation cannot be bypassed, no matter due to the confusing status of meaning explanation, nor because of the request of its inner rule. This is a very critical issue. Research, which utilizes phenomenology aesthetic theory as well as reader acceptation theory to analyze status of literary interpretation, mostly starts from the angle of "intention", omitting reflection on constructing basis of self theory, and precede discussion in general level. Different from this kind of research, this article hopes to directly cut into significance", which is a connection between literature ontological foundation and literature works; and directly cut into effectiveness, which is a knot of hermeneutic ontological, epistemology and methodology, trying to clarify complex relationship between them and reflect on this.This dissertation comprises four sections. In the first section, the historical development of hermeneutics is a main line, which clarifies the Modern Romantic hermeneutics and concept of "meaning" in philosophical hermeneutics. Schleiermacher developed hermeneutics from partly and specific skill learning to epistemological hermeneutics, which is the start of physiological hermeneutics. For Schleiermacher,"significance" is author’s inner voice, the rebuilding of which can only be accomplished by both grammatical and psychological methods. Dilthey took over the work of Schleiermacher, further constructing hermeneutics to mental science which is more common."Explanation" and "understanding" is defined as a method in which natural science conflicts with mental science."Significance" is the one which needs "interpretation"."Experience" constitutes "significance", then its objective expression can be understood. The concept of "meaning" in this period, have comparatively strong color of psychologism.The Second part discusses effectiveness from two aspects. From Diachronic aspect, development of concept "effectiveness" in hermeneutics is observed. This concept experienced standards of romantic hermeneutics, which are from scientism to historicism; Gadamer’s effect historical standards; refute to "relativism" and "historicism" from objective standards represented by Husserl’s intent theory. On the other perspective, this historical process can be explained on relations between subjectivity of interpreter and historical hermeneutics, as well as dynamics of "objectivity". Limitations and positive points of each theory can be further explored.The third part deals with Ricoeur’s text spacing theory, and win over biases of objectivist and subjectivist hermeneutics through stating that "explaining is the only way leading to interpretation". A comprehensive standard is concluded from effectiveness standards which are under condition of Epistemology, Methodology and Ontology hermeneutics existing at the same time.Finally, effectiveness of meaning and literature interpretation is discussed, and standards of effectiveness in different period and different theories are reviewed. Literature, as an existence reflecting empirical art, as well as coexistence of meaning and action, illustrates why interpreting in way of meaning is necessary. Building hierarchical construction of meaning:the meaning of text and the Living World; meaning of the text; interpretation of the meaning; reflect on meaning. It is better to consider the cycle expectation of interpretation as enrichment and advancement of significance, rather than considering it as format cycle of whole and part. In the basis of hierarchy constructing, future and subjectivity of meaning are combined in interpretation. At the same time, this dissertation explores necessity of establishing effectiveness standard for literal interpretation in three aspects:status of confusing literal interpretation, its inner logic and request, as well as inner rule of interpretation effectiveness.