The Comparison Research Of Fujian Pingtan Local Dialect Vocabulary

The dialects in Fujian Pingtan contains three groups including Pingt an dialect, and it comes Min dialect and Putian dialect. Pingtan dialect in China Language Atlas has been put under the Fuzhou dialect in Southeast Fujian. However, due to different geographical environment,customs and etc., there is not always the same of Pingtan dialect and Fuzhou dialect. Meanwhile, Pingtan dialect has frequently contact with Putian dialect and Xiamen dialect, so some new features has been appeared in Pingtan dialect.This paper focuses on the all-round analysis of Pingtan dialect from synchronic and diachronic perspectives. It aims to make a synchronic comparison between and the surrounding areas dialect, also between Pingtan dialect and mandarin. A diachronic discussion is in progress from the three aspects including chuangchenci、 bianyici and jieyongci. Based on these, it can reveal the basic outlook and features of Pingtan dialect to a certain extent.Firstly, this paper will reveal some differences and similarities which can be seen by comparison Pingtan dialect and the surrounding areas dialect. By comparison, it has been found that the similarities outweigh the differences in them. It also reflects the relationship between them., the closest to Fuzhou dialect, closer to Putian dialect, farther to Xiamen dialect. So Pingtan dialect,Putian dialect and Xiamen dialect are really indivisible, each forming part of the others. The author thinks that Pingtan dialect has its own special features but also has the features of hybrid dialects.Secondly, this paper will reveal some features in the meaning and form of Pingtan dialect by comparison mandarin and Pingtan dialect. There are four aspects:1. It has more monosyllabic words in Pingtan dialect, meanwhile Pingtan dialect embarks on the road of multisyllable (mainly in disyllabl).2. It’s the common side that the form of Pingtan dialect and mandarin has the same or the some of the same parts. But due to the different inheritance of Ancient Chinese、 geographical environment、 customs or others, there is not always the same of Pingtan dialect and Fuzhou dialect. The main expression are the different morpheme、 different sequences、 different attached elements and different overlap mode.3.Pingtan dialect has a different from mandarin, namely, the same word initial consonant, vowel, tone, through the internal voice changes, can be a different meaning of the two words.4. Through a semantic contrast, the author found that some lexical meanings in Pingtan than Mandarin, but some less than Mandarin, still exist at the same time with Mandarin in the same form, but with completely different phenomenon.At last, it is been found that Pingtan dialects still keep mostly archaic but still keep changing form time to time which is necessary not only for society progress but also its own development by the diachronical analysis of chuangchenci,bianyici and jieyongci. Besides, Pingtan dialect also retains some vocabulary borrowed from Aboriginal languages and foreign languages.