| Depression is a common and easy to relapse of mental disorder. According to theWHO statistics, depression has become the fourth major diseases in the world, and will riseafter coronary heart disease in second human burden of disease until2020. Released aglobal study show in September8,2007, depression is the greatest harm than angina,arthritis, asthma and diabetes. According to the psychiatric epidemiology investigation, therate of major depression prevalence is high up to6%during2009in china. Depressedpatients have been more than36million, which is about10-15%with the risk of Dutch act.Economic burden is more than600billion yuan by depression every year in China. Thus,depression is an urgent public mental health problem. But on the pathogenesis of depressionat present there is no definite answer.The pathogenesis of depression is very complex, the scholars from the neurocognitive,cognitive and social cultural aspects carried on a large amount of research, currentdepressive cognitive and neural mechanisms of psychiatry and neuroscience is one of themost active focus. American psychologist Aron Beck presented the Cognitive model in1976, the theory that depression is caused with the negative cognitive schema. With thein-depth study, Beck also proposed the neuro-cognitive model in2010, the depressioncognitive function related to the abnormal function of the brain regions. Research showsthat, the negative cognitive processing bias may enhance with the amplitude and latency ofP200, P300, LPC for the negative stimuli in emotional processing; also may reflect thecognitive control function is insufficient, as did not inhibit negative emotion informationbrought to interference, leading to negative cognition, such as: the amplitude of N200,N450decrease. However, the existing research either from the emotional processingperspective on depressive mood of individual negative cognitive bias, nor from thecognitive control, rarely on emotion processing and cognitive control interactionexperiment; in depression research, depressive mood of individual study is relatively small; more study use fMRI technology, the event-related potentials (ERP) technology is small.Therefore, this study used emotional interference task (three kinds of emotional stimuli,gaze or ignore the emotional faces), combined with behavioral studies and event-relatedpotentials to observation the behavior and brain activation of normal individual ordepressive individual, to research the mechanisms of interaction between emotionprocessing and cognitive control with depression.Results:(1) In enhancement of emotional processing condition, when the normal group and thedepressed mood group subjects on negative emotional stimulus the time of response hadsignificant difference (t=3.237,p=0.001); ignore the positive emotion stimulus the time ofresponse had significant difference (t=-3.439,p=0.001); gaze at positive and negativeemotion stimulus, the normal group and the emotional groups the time of response and therate of correct had significant differences.(2) In weakened of emotional processing condition, the normal group and thedepressed mood group subjects neglect cases the time of response had significant difference(t=-2.638,p=0.008). On emotional stimuli, the normal group and the emotion group hadsignificant difference (t=3.686, p=0.000).(3) In enhancement of emotional processing, to positive emotional stimuli response,two groups of participants on the Cz electrode of P300amplitude had main effects differsignificantly (t=2.128, p=0.043), and the Cz electrode of N450amplitude had main effectsdiffer significantly (t=3.463,p=0.002); negative stimulation of C4electrode of N450amplitude (t=2.784,p=0.01) and Fz electrode of amplitude (t=2.107,p=0.045) had maineffects differ significantly; the two group on the Cz electrode of LPC amplitude had maineffects differ significantly (t=2.171,p=0.04). For negative stimuli on P4electrode of N450latency had effects differ significantly (t=2.462,p=0.021), and the P3electrode(t=-2.248,p=0.034) and Fz electrodes(t=2.659,p=0.013) the latency of LPC had main effectsignificant difference.(4) In weakened of emotional processing condition, two groups of participants on theF4electrode of N200amplitude had main effects differ significantly (t=2.47,p=0.021); F4electrode of N450amplitude had main effects differ significantly (t=2.657,p=0.014), and onF3electrode of N450latency had main effects differ significantly (t=2.653,p=0.014). (5) In enhancement of cognitive control, the normal group and the depressed moodgroup subjects on negative emotional stimuli, the time of response had significantdifference (t=3.237,p=0.001); on three kinds of emotional stimulus, the normal group andthe emotion group had significant difference.(6) In weakened of cognitive control, neutral (t=-2.638,p=0.008) and positive stimuli(t=-3.439,p=0.001) under normal and depressed mood group, the reaction time hadsignificant difference; ignore three emotional stimulus in two groups of subjects had notsignificant difference.(7) In enhancement of cognitive control, when the positive and negative emotionalpictures two groups on Cz electrode of N450amplitude had significant difference(t=-2.544,p=0.018); when looking at the positive and neutral mood picture C4electrode ofP200latency was significantly (t=-2.98,p=0.006); negative and neutral emotional pictures,F3electrode of P200latency was significantly (t=3.087,p=0.005); positive and neutralmood, the two groups on Cz electrode of P300latency had significant difference (t=-2.511,p=0.019); watch negative and neutral moods picture two groups on F4electrode of LPClatency had significant difference (t=2.186, p=0.038).(8) In weakened of cognitive control, when ignored positive and neutral mood pictureson F4electrode (t=-3.89,p=0.001) and Pz electrode (t=-4.195, P<0.001) of P200amplitudeshowed significant main effect, and two groups on C4electrode (t=-2.506,p=0.019) and Pzelectrode (t=-2.354,p=0.027) of P300amplitude showed significant main effect; to ignorenegative and neutral emotional pictures, two groups of participants on F4electrode of P300amplitude had significant difference (t=-2.301,p=0.03); ignoring negative and neutralemotional pictures, two groups of participants on Fz electrode of N450amplitude hadsignificant difference (t=2.402,p=0.024); ignoring the positive and neutral mood, twogroups of participants on F4electrode (t=-2.476,p=0.02) and C4(t=-2.392,p=0.025) of LPCamplitude showed significant main effect; to ignore negative and neutral emotional pictures,two groups of participants on P4electrode of LPC amplitude had significant difference(t=-2.541,p=0.018). Neglected negative and neutral emotional pictures, two groups ofparticipants on Pz electrode of P300latency had significant difference (t=-2.542,p=0.018);ignoring the negative and positive emotional pictures, two groups of participants on Fzelectrode of N200latency had significant difference (t=-2.529,p=0.018); ignoring negative and neutral emotional pictures, two groups on F4electrode of N450latencies hadsignificant difference (t=3.199,p=0.004).Conclusion:(1) Three emotional conditions｛with positive picture stimuli, P200, P300and LPCamplitude decreased (emotional processing weakened); neutral pictures stimulation, P200,P300and LPC amplitude changes have no significant difference; the negative pictures,P200, P300amplitude changes had no significant difference, but the LPC latency wassignificantly shortened (emotional processing enhanced)｝, N200and N450amplitude ofdepressive mood of individual decreased (cognitive control ability reduced).(2) When looking at emotional pictures, N450amplitude increased significantly (theability of cognitive control enhanced), P200, P300latencies of depressive mood ofindividual increased (emotional processing weakened); ignore emotional pictures, N450amplitude decreased (the ability of cognitive control weakened), P200, P300and LPCamplitude of depressive mood were significantly higher (emotional processing enhanced). |
PDF Full Text Request