On The Adjustment Of Conversational Strategies In The Perspective Of Language Game Theory

Game theory is to study the rational economic individual’s strategic choice inintercommunication. Relying on mathematical models to quantify the decision’s benefits,game theory has practical and instructive significance many fields. In the early20th century,linguist Wittgenstein firstly introduced game theory into language studies. Since then, thelanguage game has undergone the change from “stressing dynamic applications of words” to“language as a systematical analysis tool analyzing language and the world”.Throughout the pragmatic theory of communication:1. Cooperative principle fails totake the constraints into account that human communication is also subject to social roles；2New Grice’s pragmatics of language fails to explain how two parties to reach a consensus incommunication;3Relevance theory denies the common knowledge of both sides;4Speechact theory ignores the context of language activities and social characteristics.Language game theory model quantifies communication strategies to discuss strategychanging when obtain maximum benefit. At this moment, the characters of benefit-oriented ofboth two sides, as a “reasonable person”, have been displayed so as the constraints of socialroles; Whether decision-making can obtain good results does not depend on whether thedecision is right or wrong, but on how one side effectively responds to the other while makingdecision, in order to force the two sides to reach a consensus, which makes up for pastdeficiencies pragmatic theory of communication.Through the analysis of conversational implicature, conversational analysis, influence ofcontext, meta-pragmatic awareness of the specific linguistic phenomenon in the view oflanguage game theory, we can conclude that:1. This study abandons some vague concepts of language game theory, showing thatlanguage game theory not only happens in conversation and discourse, but the existing oflanguage itself is a game theory;2. From the relationship of the meta-pragmatic awarenessand language game theory, launch a new route of conversation strategical research;3. Bothgames (or more) parties are subject to context effects. The discussion of language game indifferent texts is helpful to improve the effectiveness and appropriateness of communication;4. Communication is the strategic interaction among communicators. Its guideline is theprinciple of utility. This paper argues that the principles of utility and dynamic influence theanalysis of each other’s actions.