Cognitive Decision-making Rights Bargaining Game Effects

The cognition factor played a significant role in individual decision- making, which had been recognized by a majority of psychologists. Bargaining game as an important type of game experiments, known as "bargaining", is a significant decision making types can be seen everywhere in lives. Researching the bargaining game decisions from a psychological point of view, contribute to a better understanding of human decision-making thinking and increase of policy- formulating and problem-solving ability, with a very important and far-reaching significance. Some economics and psychology research described a phenomenon that when players had distinct right in bargaining game, they manifested various strategies and decision behavior. But there was little of investigator of mental mechanism and support of experiment data for this phenomenon. In Nash bargaining game, the two players had interdependent relations and identical rights. However, the two players in ultimatum game had not only interdependent relations but also dissimilar rights. In the Ultimatum Game, the proposer and the responder were both faced with cognition issue understanding of the rights of himself and the other. Based on the analysis of game task and theory, the author proposed the right cognition effect was a phenomenon in bargaining game that the strategic choice and decision behavior of decision maker were influenced, because of his cognition degree about his right and another players'right. The Nash bargaining game (NG) and the ultimatum game (UG) were chosen to investigate existence of the right cognition effect. 180 children and 60 university students participated in the experiment.The results showed that: (1) the existence of the right cognition effect was proved in 6 to 12 aged children and university students. (2) With the increase of age, the number of person who was affected by the right cognition effect showed a gradual downward trend. (3)The understanding of the distribution right is higher than the veto power. We supposed it is an expression of ecological rationality. This was not only the embodiment of egocentaistm and theory of mind, but also the embodiment of children's development process of two decision-making systems.