A Study On Karl Marx’s Critical Theory Of Ideology And Its Contemporory Enlightenment

As an aspect of human history and has changed ceaselessly with thedevelopment of social form,“Ideology” has made all that fully manifested inits own structural changes and confirmed in the process of social practice, aswell as in the inherent logic of Marx’s theory of ideology. Selecting"Critique" as the basic position to study Marx’s theory of ideology from boththeoretical and practical levels is the main thread of this thesis.From the theoretical level, first of all, through combing the academicdisputes about the concept of “ideology” in the context of Marx’s texts anddemonstrating specifically the relationships of “Ideology” and “FalseConsciousness”, of “Ideology” and “Ideological Superstructure”, of “Ideology” and “Fetishism”, this thesis will define “Ideology” as a kind ofconcept system corresponding certain economic base, as well as legal andpolitical superstructure erected on it,to distort special interests andrequirements of certain classes or social groups, that is to say, a kind ofconcept system represented by political, legal, religious, moral, philosophical,artistic concept forms. Besides, along with the formation process of Marx’smaterialist conception of history, this thesis will grasp “Critique” as thedominant logic to comb the formation of Marx’s critical theory of ideology tofurther demonstrate the concept of “Ideology” in Marx’s context, whichcould be roughly divided into three stages, namely from “Economic andPhilosophical Manuscripts of1844” to “On the Outline of Feuerbach” as“quasi” critical period of ideology,from “The German Ideology” to “TheEighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte” as mature critical period ofideology and from the manuscripts of “Das Kapital” to “The Manuscripts ofAnthropology” as deepen critical period of ideology.From the practice level, through combing the course of Marx’s critiquetheory of ideology, the thesis will summarize the characteristics of Marx’scritical theory of ideology into three changes, namely critical form whichchanging from criticizing the ideology itself to criticizing the reality ofcapitalist society, critical method which changing from humanistic materialism method to that of materialism dialectics, and critical stancewhich changing from ideological criticism to ideological revolution. What’smore, making clear of the three major changes of Marx’s critical theory ofideology will have great significance for the socialistic ideology to cope withthe dialectical relationships between constitution and critique, dominance anddiversity as well as the theoretical and practical of ideology.