The Research Of The Families’ Fields In Song Dynasty

Declines gradually along with the powerful family hereditary scholar class, the SongDynasty new common family emerges and is displaying the more and more importantinfluence in the society. The Song government in order to maintain the country to be stable,encourages the family to develop, and takes the social most basic unit by family’smanagement the control strength. The families’ fields obtained as family’s economic basishave taken enormously, many common people landlord family and literary intelligentsiafamily in order to develop this family’s influence, in the public opinion initiated to respectZong Shouzu vigorously, on the material starts to be popular vigorously sets at the families’fields. This article attempts from the powerful family hereditary scholar class to under thenew common people family transition big background, discussion families’ fields in SongDynasty family developing process vital role. The article altogether divides into followingfour parts:First part of limits families’ fields concept and generating process. First limited hadtaken overall families’ fields the concept, pointed out the families’ fields should have thenarrow sense and the generalized division, but this article discussed the Song Dynastyfamilies’ fields should belong to the generalized families’ fields; Met down has analyzed theconcrete background which the Song Dynasty families’ fields produced, macroscopically andon microscopic elaborated established the families’ fields the necessity; Finally summarizedthe way which the Song Dynasty families’ fields produce, remains including the ancestryoffers a sacrifice to, the household confiscates certainly, buys the field to open up wasteland,the government authorities gracious gift, the clansman contributes sets illegally, invades andso on many kinds of forms.The second part has discussed the Song Dynasty families’ fields type, the scale and thefunction. Has traced the early families’ fields type first, discussed the Song Dynasty families’fields from initially to set to gradually the complete process. Appears most early the families’fields are use in the sacrificial offering supporting the grave the graveside service field,afterwards has produced many new families’ fields, like Northern Song Dynasty’s Fan Zhongyan founds supports the race righteousness farmland, the ancestral hall which SouthernSong Dynasty Zhu Xi designs offers a sacrifice to the free school field which the field anduses in assisting students and so on. Next, inquired into the different families’ fields concreteposition and the scale according to the families’ fields different type. Finally, has discussed thedifferent type families’ fields different function, some families’ fields function is not sole,Song Dynasty’s clan fields more and more manifest the function diversification characteristic.The third part inspected the families’ fields management, mainly has analyzed thefamilies’ fields hiring and the revenue and expenditure situation. The families’ fields by leavethe form management which the tenant farmer collects rent, pushes sends the way which thespecialist or manages in turn to manage the families’ fields the income and the disbursement.The families’ fields appeared many conflicts of interest in the management process, onlydepends on the traditional morals strictly to restrain with difficulty, but the letter engaging ateacher clan regulations system rule enable the families’ fields the management to have certainlegal effect.The fourth part inquired into the families’ fields inheritance and the prosecution question.Has formed a series of regulations in the families’ fields inheritance process, these regulationsare to the families’ fields inheritance limit, but receives the challenge unceasingly in front ofthe realistic benefit, the families’ fields transaction is more and more common. In the families’fields inheritance process conflicts of interest enable some people to resort to all means, doesnot give a thought to legal and the moral restraint illegal invades the families’ fields, evenappears lies makes the tomb contention sacrificial offering families’ fields the phenomenon,finally causes to appear many prosecution cases.