| Zutangj is an important material about the patriarch of Zen Buddhism, providing us a precious resource in the study of ancient Chinese colloquial language. The patriarchs recorded in this book are mainly from Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, etc. in9century. This book can be recognized as the record of the language in9century, so this book is an important material when studying the vocabulary and grammar during Tang and Five Dynasties.Tales on the Five Dynasties came out in the Song&Yuan dynasty. As the earliest tale of telling history, it has been studied by many scholars, but the study of the affixes in that book is few, so this paper chooses Tales on the Five Dynasties as the subject of study, trying to make up this blank.Summing up the study of the former scholars, we conclude the basic features of affix:a fixed position, the grammaticalization of its meaning, a need to appear together with the word root, and having some grammatical function in some extent. According to those characteristics we select the following affixes in Tales on the Five Dynasties and Zutangj:阿,老,第,初,是,打,可,子,儿,头,家,者,娘,郎,然,自,复,当,来,相,其,取,生,地,底,个,于On the basic of a systematic description of those affixes, we compare the affixes in Zutangj with Tales on the Five Dynasties with the help of the statistic data we’ve got, to have a much clear summarization.Through synchronic and diachronic study, we’ve a much clear understanding about the two books. About synchronic study, this paper analyses each affix in the words by their syllable characteristics, grammatical structure and grammatical meaning with sentences those affixes are in. About diachronic study, this paper choose the affixes in Tales on the Five Dynasties, in which there are also full of spoken language material, as the comparing object. Finally, we find out that generally speaking, from Zutangj to Tales on the Five Dynasties till the Lotus, the affixes are on a way of increasing their formation ability. |
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