| Since the1980s, with the transformation and the development of the society and economic, Chinese culture has entered into a new period of transformation. Whether can we have a clear understanding of the Chinese contemporary culture? Whether can we sort out the context and the problems encountered in the process of transformation? Whether can we offer certain solutions? Which is all particularly important. The Western Marxism has a perceptive observation of the core culture issues of the20th century, which contents the societal changes and cultural circumstances of the modern bourgeois society and the prevalent issues on the crisis of cultural. Despite its theory with a history of idealism and Utopian tendencies in different extent, Although Chinese contemporary cultural has essence different with the capitalism nature. It still provided new perspectives from the way of refraction, for the Chinese intellectuals to understand the situation and problems of the modern bourgeois society, and it is also helpful to find out the trend of the development of the contemporary Chinese culture.In this study, I will firstly classify and integrate the important theoretical perspective of the Western Marxism culture theory, and then sum up the horizons, views and methodologies which are useful to analyze the cultural transformation in contemporary China. The horizons including culture-society critic, daily life and culture-psychological. The core ideas including culture industry and culture hegemony, materialized and ideology, oppressive, shock and anxiety. The research paradigm including Sociology, Anthropology and Hermeneutics and the special analysis model for specific cultural phenomenon.The cultural transformation in contemporary China has an internal logic,which reflected in the two kinds of motivation of its inside and outside. By analyzing the motivation of the transformation, and interpreted the cultural transformation in the way of life style, aesthetic taste and artistic expression, we can recognize the difficulties in the traditional view to interpret the cultural transformation. And all these problems can be proposed from the good part of the Western Marxist cultural theory perspective, viewpoint and method.In addition, by carding the basic condition of cultural transformation in contemporary China, we find that the transitions of culture projectively lies in three aspects. First, the culture concept, which transfers from the elite culture to the mass culture. The mass culture whose core issue is Identity, has reflected the crisis of subjectivity, which has been sharply criticized by the Chinese intellectuals for the influence of Western Marxism theory at the beginning of mass culture emerged. They also try to rebuild aesthetic culture to the subjectivity.Then,the culture form,which transfers from aesthetic culture to consumer culture. Consumer culture is the core problem in understanding of commodities, and this is also in understanding the essence of the consumer culture play an important role and aesthetic logic, but also cause people to consumption culture identity crisis and cultural disorder problem thinking. Western Marxism in the art of redemption way apparently useless condition of culture in China, for the rational knowledge of consumer culture, and pursuit for the harmonious spirit of party is the inevitable way of salvation.Lastly, the culture mode, which transfers from the text culture to the visual culture. The ubiquitous images bring us into the society of the spectacle, which has generated the impetuous and the blind pursuit of pleasure, with the loss of critical. Visual aesthetic has opened up a new direction for the future.The Western Marxist scholars ever to culture the ultimate way out for exploring and description, but mostly focused on the spiritual realm. However, for the cultural transformation in contemporary China,what will happen still unknown, which eventually deserves further attention and discussion. |
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