Slight Exploration Of "Plainness" Poetic View In Song Dynasty

History of Chinese Literary Criticism has a long tradition of advocating "Plainness". With literary critics putting forward and pursuing "Plainness" poetic view as an aesthetic view firstly and consciously,"Plainness" poetic view become the most peculiar literary thought in Song Dynasty."Plainness" poetic view in Song Dynasty has a profound tradition of "Tao". One is Laozi and Zhuangzi’s "Tao" which is the body of all things. The nature of "Plainness" containing all beauty evolved from Laozi’s "Tao of Tian". Zhuangzi introduce " Plainness" to the field of aesthetics by one sentence " All beauty come from extremely plain". During the northern and Southern Dynasties, Zhong Rong use "Bland lead to tasteless" to expose Metaphysical Poetry’s ills based on the clearing understanding of Laozi and Zhuangzi’s "Tao". Late Tang Dynasty, Er Shi Si Shi Pin’s aesthetic thought of "Plainness" stems from Laozi and Zhuangzi’s "Tao", After the prosperity of the Tang Poetry, The aesthetic tastes reply to "Plainness" and lay the foundation for the rise of "Plainness" poetic view in Song Dynasty. One is Confucius and Mencius’"Tao" which is high moral requirements to human. The literati in Song Dynasty been in the long-term of social environment that has deep contradictions caused by external compromise and concession and internal strengthening and centralization and cultural environment which has fierce party struggles. At the sane time, The old spirit of advocating "Plainness" enter the field of literary creation massively with the revival of Confucianism, And prompt the literati in Song Dynasty to form a dual personality and binary complementary mentality. On the one hand, They participate in current affairs to seek greater development. On the other hand, They must be prepared to face relegation constantly. So literati in Song Dynasty select Confucian’s "Tao" that pay attention to mind cultivation to avoid reality. Specific performance of it is calm state of mind.Connotation of "Plainness" poetic view in Song Dynasty is dialectical unity of "Blandness" and "Plainness"."Blandness" is aimed to excessive modified style of writing affected by the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties’writing style. Mei Yaochen、Ou Yangxiu、Su Shi、Huang Tingjian as the representative of the literati in Song Dynasty are opposed to excessively modify poetry diction and advocate the regression of simple and unadorned nature. But the connotation of this regression is "Plainness" that hide profound content under simple and unadorned diction which not based on poor words. The content of "Plainness" varies from person to person: Connotation of Mei Yaochen’s "Plainness" poetic view is "Suffering", It is full of complaints of misfortune. Connotation of Ou Yangxiu’s "Plainness" poetic view is "deep-seated", It is profound literary accomplishment by steeping in poetry and literature and noble moral cultivation that mind remain clam after experiencing ups and downs. Connotation of Su Shi’s "Plainness" poetic view is mastery of the writing techniques and inspiration of genius that can not use language to express. Connotation of Huang Tingjian’s "Plainness" poetic view is "Flexible use of rules" hiding "rules" in "not rules".