The Exchanges Between Pakje-ga, And The Chinese Scholars Of Qing Dynasty In18-19th

This paper mainly studies the exchanges between Pak Je-ga, the North Korean scholar, and the Chinese scholars of Qing Dynasty in late eighteenth Century. In the process of study,"Gao Zhu Ji" written by Pak Je-ga is the main basis of this paper. And it also refers to other records about journey to China written by North Korean scholars who have the same experience with Pak Je-ga, such as "Journey to China" by Li Demao and "Journey to China for the Second Time" by Liu Degong. This paper makes a concrete research on the exchanges between Pak Je-ga and Chinese scholars and analyzes the contributions made by Pak Je-ga to the Korean society at that time through the active and extensive exchanges.In eighteenth Century, the Qing Dynasty came into Kang-Qian Flourishing Ag e, during which the society enjoyed unprecedented prosperity in various aspects incl uding politics, economy, and culture, and the neighboring countries paid tributes to the government. In North Korea,, thestatus of "Northern School" scholars had be en greatly improved since late eighteenth century by virtue of "Extermination Polic y" made by yeongjo and Jeongjo. They came to China together with the diplomatic envoys to visit the bookshops and churches, and communicate with the scholars in China. The scholars also responded positively and launched various forms of exchanges with them, among which Pak Je-ga, the famous Chinese scientist, set a good example in the activecommunication with Chinese scholars.Pak Je-ga advocated learning Chinese advanced culture actively and paid attention to the view ofsincere friendship regardless of class and status, so he was able to communicate with the Chinese scholars actively. Under the influence of such view of making friends, Pak Je-ga learned about Pan Tingyun, Li Diaoyuan and Guo Dongshan via Hong Darong, Liuqin and so on before coming to China, and then he wrote to them to show his will of communication. After that, from1778to1801, he came to China four times and got acquainted with over one hundred Chinesescholars directly or indirectly. He carried out various exchanges with them including poetry,inscription, conversation by writing, letters and other correspondences, small gifts and so on. Through these exchanges, Pak Je-ga made an in-depth discussion about poetics, epigraphy,Buddhism, etc with Chinese scholars. These academic exchanges in various forms, not only deepened the friendship between Pak Je-ga and the Chinese scholars, but also had profound influence for North Korea and Qing Dynasty. Pak Je-ga learned advanced culture of the Qing Dynasty actively, and then brought them to North Korea, promoting the development of the Korean politics, economy, society, culture and so on. Moreover, the communication between Pak Je-ga and scholars of Qing dynasty also set an example for the later scholars. The relationship between Pak Je-ga and Weng Fanggang and Ruan Yuan, specialists of epigraphy, laid a good foundation for the communication between late "North School" scholars JinZhengxi,Shen Weiand sc holars of Qing dynasty.China and North Korea have close exchanges in history, especially cultural exchanges. The friendly exchanges between Pak Je-ga and the Chinese scholars occupy an important position in the history of cultural exchanges, and play an important role in the long-term development of therelation between the two countries.