The Impact Of Perceptual Interference On The Memory Of Chinese Characters And Chinese Phonograms

The perceptual interference effect of memory refers to the phenomenon that masked presentations of English words during encoding counter-intuitively improves later memory. In other words, the perception of interference on the memory played a role in promoting counterintuitively.Perceptual Interference Effect experiments use classic "study-test" paradigm, the learning phase were presented randomly perceptual interference condition and intact condition of two encoding conditions. Perceptual interference conditions, showing:word for100ms (or110ms), followed by a2400ms backward mask. The other intact condition, continued to show only word for2500ms. After the end of the learning section, turn into Distraction Task stage and testing stage.Further, controversies remain unsolved regarding how this effect is explained. More influential theoretical hypothesis are elaboration account, selective rehearsal hypothesis and inter-specific-relation framework. The effect factors include:experimental material properties, experimental design, experimental test and the time of learning phase target showing.However, this effect is basically found with English words of high frequency. More recently, a reverse effect has been found with Chinese characters of high frequency:characters that are followed by a mask are difficult to recognize in a later test. This counter-effect of perceptual interference provides evidence against current theories of the interference effect. This counter effect has been suggested to reflect the reliance of single characters on orthographic processing for semantic (deeper) processing during encoding, when compared with English words and Chinese compound words.We assume that the so-called perceptual interference effect relate to the specificity of the memory materials processing and coding. The perceptual interference effect of English relate to the voice processing advantages of English word, while the anti-perceived interference effect presented in Chinese characters relates to the disadvantage of phonological processing of Chinese characters and Graphic Processing comparative advantage. Three experiments were run to validate the assumptions.In experiment1, Use a "study-test" paradigm, three encoding conditions (110ms perceptual interference conditions, the260ms perceptual interference conditions and intact conditions) as independent variables, to explore the impact of the perceptual interference of low-frequency Chinese characters. Experiment2use low frequency double-character compound words to explore whether the perceptual interference of the double-character compound words are different with Chinese characters. Experiment3with Chinese phonograms as experimental material to explore the difference of the perceptual interference on Chinese characters, Chinese compound word and Chinese phonograms.The results show that:The same with high-frequency Chinese characters, there is anti-perceptual interference effect in the low-frequency Chinese characters; there are not perceptual interference effects and anti-perceptual interference effects in Chinese double-character compound words; there is perceptual interference effect in Chinese phonograms. In conclusion, the so-called perceptual interference effect relate to the specificity of the memory materials processing and coding.