The Gongfu Theory Of Zhangzai

Zhang Zai is the pioneer of Guan Xue,also companied with Shao Yong、Zhou Dunyi、Cheng Yi、Cheng Hao,he is one of the Founders of Song Ming Li Xue.He realized that the development of Confucianism was facing unprecedented challenges both from Confucianism itself and from other theories,then he undertaked the mission of "inhert the lost knowledge"consciously.In order to criticize the different thoughts in all respects,he came up with the Universe Ontology"Tai Xu Is Qi"based on<Zhou Yi> and<Zhong Yong>..Then according to the generator sequences of "Yi Qi Wan Shu",he put forward his anthroposophy of "Tian Ren He Yi".So Zhang Zai expanded the traditional moral ontology to the Metaphysical Ontology.Then how to practice the theory in our daily life?Therefrom Gongfu theory become one of the most important parts of Zhang Zai.The paper regards Zhang Zai’s Gongfu theory as research target,strive to clarify the theoretic foundation、the contents and the realm of Gongfu,wise to present overall perspective of Zhang Zai Gongfu theory.Chapter1gives the brief background of Zhang Zai, mainly describes the great effects of the Bei Song circumstances towards his thinking..Then birefly interpret the meaning of "Gongfu"and it’s position in Li Xue,in addition expounds the correlation of Gongfu、Benti and Jingjie.Chapter2discusses the noumenon of his Gongfu theory, which is "Tai Xu Is Qi "and "Tian Ren He Yi"."Tai Xu"and Qi is the most characteristic theory of Zhang Zai,it’s the basis of his whole theory.In his opinion,"Tai Xu"creaated all kinds of things,human beings of course inclued.Although everyone was born with Yin and Kang,some people’s temperament is completely different from the others.Thus there is a question of how to cultivate the humanity and how to practice the Gongfu of moral cultivate.Chapter3analyses the core and specific details of his Gongfu theory.In his opinion,"Cheng Xing "is the most important symbol of a man’s moral relam,it’s the core of his Gongfu theory."Cheng Xing "is a complex process,which to a great extent need the participation of "Xin".It includes three phrases of "Da Ren"、"Xian Ren"and "Sheng Ren".Firstly,"Da Qi Xin"is a necessity of the way to achieve the "Da Ren"personality.Secondly,board_minded is not the only personity to become a "Xian Ren",everytime we must remind ourselves to imittate Tian.Finally,at the same time of practicing inner moral,the practice of outter study "Bo Wen Yue Li" cannot be ignored. In the logical perspective,the structure of Zhang Zai’s Gongfu theory can be roughly divided into two parts:the way of introspection which was named "Zi Cheng Ming"; the way of learning and study which was named "Zi Ming Cheng".Chapter4discusses the final realm of his Gongfu theory.Correspond to the structure of Gongfu, the realm also can be divided into two parts:the inner one correspond to the traditional spirt of "Confucius and Hui’s cheerfulness",in<Xi Ming>,Zhang Zai elaborated it in detail; the outter one correspond to the political and life practice in our real world.