Study On The Relationship Between Ontology And Subject Of Heidegger

This research is based on the background of the development of Western philosophy to investigate the relationship between ontology and subject of the earlier and late stage of Heidegger. The author begins this study from the relationship between ontology and subject, and then the author tries to comprehend deeply the consistent theme of Heidegger’s philosophy and the division of his thought in this topic. The focus of the article is on the intrinsic logic of ontology and subject in the philosophy of Heidegger, and shows the significance of the turn of the idea of Heidegger in1930and the necessity of this turn under the route of development of Heidegger’s Philosophy as a whole.The paper is divided into four parts, and its main line is on the exploration of the relationship between ontology and subject of Heidegger. The first chapter is to retrace the ontology and subject in Heidegger. First, the author presents clearly from the opening of two paths of Western philosophy in Plato and Aristotle to the neo-Platonic theology based on the development of initial representative thinking in the ancient Greek’s ontology. The paper also shows the study from ontological level to epistemological level of the subject, through presenting the status of Human by the example of the Middle Ages’Augustine and the Renaissance in the West. And then the author retraces the establishment and the development of the representative thinking of the Subject-Object since Descartes, and mainly shows the reflective process of the subjective theory in the West through the demarcation of the philosophy of Kant, the interpretation of the end of metaphysics of Nietzsche and Husserl’s "self. Also the paper expresses the plight of the early Heidegger’s subjective theory in "Being and Time" and shows the transcendental meaning of ontology in his late stage compared with the defects of the subjective theory. Further, the second chapter clarifies the intrinsic logic of the ontology and subject in Heidegger’s different periods and the effect of the method of the thought in Heidegger’s earlier and late stage. And the author points out Heidegger’s ontology under the reverse path of the method of the thought, which also means that he turns traditional metaphysics’ontology as the foundation of existentialism to existentialism as the accessible path of ontology’s inquiry. And after1930, Heidegger investigates the the duality of truth from the historical view of his ontology, and then his philosophy transits to the relationship of the quaternity of "Heaven-Earth-Man-God"in late stage of Heidegger. And if Heidegger’s ontology is the relationship of "here-there" or "there-here" in the early stage, the late stage of his philosophy shows the united relationship that is beyond Heidegger’s earlier philosophy that overcomes its own tendency of subject. In the third chapter, the paper examines the "Sein" in ontology and subject, and discusses the process of "dis-subjectification" on the meaning of the "Dasein" in the earlier stage of Heidegger’s philosophy after1930through the turn from the revealing meaning of the "Sein" in the earlier stage of Heidegger to the meaning of uncovering and the duality of existence in his late stage. And because of the Heidegger’s early efforts to solve the universal problems of "the meaning of being","Dasein" has the excessive general meaning and then it has the human characteristics. And the paper also points out the Heidegger’s posthumous "On Philosophy" implies implicitly the response to the subject in "Being and Time". Heidegger’s late language ontology embodies the efforts of non-metaphysical expression that means the way of thought from "Sein" to "Tao". This "turn" of Heidegger as an "another beginning" is not only for his own philosophy, but even for the entire Western thought. The fourth chapter is the overall evaluation of the relationship of the Heidegger’s ontology and subject. From a theoretical point, the paper clarifies the significance of the Subject to the Heidegger ontology development and the important impact of his turn’s to the entire system of philosophy. This not only points out Heidegger’s own philosophical development, but even shows that there is no doubt that Heidegger’s philosophy has a great impact on the development of ontology and post-modern theory whether from a critical or inherited perspective. From the point of deconstructing subject in Heidegger’s study of the universality of "Sein", the reason that we can say Heidegger’s ontology beyond Western ontology is Heidegger’s "Sein" deeply containing the deconstructing of "Subject-Object" at the ontological level, and in the late stage the turn as the accessible path of thought. And it also provides a theoretical premise to get rid of anthropocentrism. Then from the point of the events of human reflecting on their own, Heidegger’s theory inquiry of subject is a reflection on the author perspective. And this problem as the standard of the development of modernity is also the response to questioning anthropocentrism in Husserl’s thought.