Spikenard Material Basis Of A Preliminary Study On The Antidepressant

Objective:Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma is from the root and rhizome of Nardostachys jatamansi DC, has a long history of Medicine in China. It was recorded in herbal texts in the Tang Dynasty at first,then recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of1963. At present, it was recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of2010. In the ancient, its effects were regulating qi-flowing for relieving pain, clearing stagnated for waking up the spleen, used for abdominal distention, loss of appetite, vomit and so on. Nowadays, there are lots of studies for its effects of healing irregular-heartbeat, antibacterial and anti-malaria, less studies for its effect of antidepressant. There are also lots of studies for its chemical composition at home and abroad, these studies indicate that most chemical composition in Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma are sesquiterpenes, however,the studies of antidepressant chemical composition are mostly about flavonoids, scarcely about sesquiterpenes. Therefore, we conduct this study of the antidepressant effect of Gansong and sesquiterpenes to make up the defect. Our laboratory had investigate the resources of Gansong, establish its quality standard,study its chemical composition, this present study based on these achievements, preliminary investigate the antidepressant material foundation of Gansong.Methods:Consults the ancient herbal texts and the literatures of morden time, carrys out a textual research on the name, the original plants, the producing area and the clinical application of Gansong; Use steam distillation to extract the essential oil then use GC-MS to analyze the chemical compounds; in order to investigate the onset time and the effective dose ICR mice were divided into control and five treatment groups. Treatment groups were received ethanol extract at dose of1.8314g,0.77326g,0.2442g,0.1465g·kg-1and Citalopram Hydrobromide at10.0mg·kg-1for ten days.1h after the last administration,forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were conducted for behavior evaluation after5days,8days,10days; in order to investigate the antidepressant fractions ICR mice were divided into control and five treatment groups. Treatment groups were received four fractions at dose of0.0488g·kg-1and Citalopram Hydrobromide at10.0mg·kg-1for ten days.0.5h after the last administration,forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were conducted for behavior evaluation; Use chemical identification experiment, silica gel column chromatography method, HPLC, LC-MS to investigate the chemical component of Gansong.Results: 1. Gansong was recorded into herbal texts since the Tang Dynasty, mainly producted in Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, XiZang. The morden clinical application is different from the ancient and the original plants are controversial nowadays.2. Totally identified52compounds, in which6compounds are commonly exist in all the essential oils, the contents of them make24.86%-43.75%of the essential oils.3.95%ethanol extract could significantly reduced the duration of murine immobility (P<0.05). Its onset time is10days, its effective dose is0.0488g·Kg-1, among four fractions n-butanol fraction and ethyl acetate fraction could significantly reduce the duration of murine immobility (P<0.05),and ethyl acetate fraction is better than n-butanol fraction.4. The results of chemical identification experiment indicates there are aminoglycosides, flavonoids, phenolic, steroidal and three terpene in Gansong. We isolated3components from Gansong, they are p-sitosterol, oleanolic acid and Nardosinone. Established a analytical method that can characterize the chemical composition of ethanol extract of Radix et Rhizoma of Nardostachy, and the RSD of precision, stability, repeatability are less than5%. Totally identified6components from ethyl acetate fraction of Radix et Rhizome of Nardostachy. They are Ionone,1,2,9,10-tetradehydroaristolan-2-one, Nardonoxide, Valeranone, Kanshone C, Nardosinone.Conclusion:Trough the study,we preliminarily recognize the component of essential oils from Gansong, and determine the ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction are the antidepressant fractions of Gansong, and preliminarily make clear the chemical components of ethyl acetate fraction. All these achievements can be reference for the farther studies.