| Turmeric comes from the dried root of Curcuma longa in giner family [1]. It has effiects of blood-breaking and promoting the circulation of qi as well as inducing menstruation to stop pain, and is used for pricking pain in chest and hypochondrium, amenorrhea, mass, pains of rheumatic shoulder as well as arm and edema pain caused by falling and flapping [2]. Turmeric and its three near-origin varieties (Zedoary, Curcuma aromatica Salisb and Curcuma kwangsiensis S.Lee et C.F.Liang) are important medicinal plant coming from Curcuma longa and mainly produced in Sichuan, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, and other provinces in our country.The medical history of turmeric can be retrospected to Tang Dynasty. Ancient doctors treated stagnation of QI and blood pain syndrome, rheumatic pain syndrome as well as inflammation and swelling by turmeric compatibility of other traditional Chinese medicines [3]. Present clinical studies showed that turmeric extractive and Chinese patent drug with turmeric as raw material had satisfactory effect on atherosclerosis, hypertension, immune system disorders and tumor [3]. Curcumin can also be used as anti-mutanen and anticancer agent, who has been classified the third generation cancer chemoprophylactic drug by U.S. National Cancer [4]. A variety of Chinese patent drugs with turmeric as main raw material drug have been developed in our country, such as Mayinglong shexiang zhichuang ointments, Shugan piece, Shanhu xuanjing, etc, and demonstrate well market prospect. With the development of modern phytochemistry and pharmacology, more effects of turmeric have been gradually discovered and developed, so the quality of turmeric medicinal materials could directly influence the efficiency and safety of clinical application.In the research subject, according to relevant provisions in "calibration standards for standard material and the technical regulations for stability", we systematically investigated the trait, distinguish, check-up, extractive and assaying of turmeric from18producing areas in Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces, developed calibration technical criterion of turmeric reference medical materials and established technical criterions of trait, distinguish [power identification and thin-layer chromatogram identification (TLC indentification)], check-up (moisture, total ash and acid-insoluble ash), extractive, high-performance liquid-phase characteristics atlas and assaying volatile oil, curcumin in "calibration technical criterion for turmeric reference medical materials[5]" The criterion regulated that moisture wasn’t more than16%; total ash wasn’t more than7.0%; acid-insoluble ash wasn’t more than1.0%; extractive wasn’t less than12.0%; volatile oil containing wasn’t less than7.0%(mL/g); the total mount of curcumin wasn’t not less than1.0%. For the first time, we developed TLC identification of volatile oil in turmeric reference medical materials, established high-performance liquid-phase characteristics atlas of turmeric controlled as curcumin, DMC and BDMC and analyzed the heavy metal and deleterious element contents of turmeric in1.8producing areas from three provinces with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, determined residual quantity of organo-chlorine pesticide in turmeric from18producing areas in three provinces and formed comparatively complete calibration technique norms.In the article, we performed comparative study on turmeric and its near-origin vatieties (Zedoary, Curcuma aromatica Salisb and Curcuma kwangsiensis S.Lee et C.F.Liang) with thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid-phase characteristic map, GC-MS characteristic map. The turmeric produced in Leshan, Sichuan province was relatively optimal in quality according to comprehensive evaluation.We also firstly investigated the near-infrared light detection technology for turmeric. The results showed there was significant difference in turmeric and other near-origin varieties (Zedoary, Curcuma aromatica Salisb and Curcuma kwangsiensis S.Lee et C.F.Liang) according to the cluster analysis, which could be used to distinguish the turmeric from the other near-origin varieties.We systemically studied technical criterion of quality evaluation on turmeric medical materials from18producing areas in Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces and developed the calibration technical criterion, then, we developed identification method for turmeric medical material in Chinese patent drug, which could effectively control the efficiency and safety of clinical application. At the same time, we provided scientific foundation for the identification and reasonable application of turmeric and three near-origin varieties on the basis of the comparative study on them. |
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