"chuang Tzu" Theory Of "heart"

Chuang Tzu’s theme is that Mind wonders in Tao, of which Mind is the subject. Its essence is that Tao keeps in Mind and Mind is to be the whole with Tao. It means that spirit transcends the reality and things is not to be things, and man achieves the spheres of living of freedom and the self-complacent. Mind is the curtilage of spirits and the subject of man’s behaviors. Its nature is vacuilty, quiescence and inaction, which possess criticalness and transcendency innately. As to man’s Mind in reality, it can be separated into three parts, including cognition which emphasize on seeking trueness, morality which on pursuing goodness and cultivation which on accomplishment of mind.The progress of cognition and morality is the course of cultivation. And the cultivation is the further development of them.This paper firstly examines the backgrounds and reasons of forming Chuang Tzu’s Mind. The cognition of Mind is that Mind can know things. In Chuang Tzu’s opinion,man’s Mind is deficient congenitally, whichs lead to the limitation of knowing things, understanding others, ourselves and the mutual relationships. If man is obsessed with them, they would breed anxiety and suffer from evil, and life even would be in jeopardy. So Chuang Tzu proposes knowing "true knowledge" which is Tao. It is divided into three parts, including knowing the unity of man with Heaven, the equality and the fate. The morality of Mind is that Mind is to be kind on the basis of Mind and nature. ChuangTzu thought that Tao is the origin,the essence and the reason of Mind and nature. Vaculity,quiescense and inaction as Tao’s essence is the intrinsic quality of Mind’s and nature’s. However, man’s Mind in reality always indulges in the sentiments and the lust, which makes Mind far from Tao, makes the body and Mind tired and gets nothing finally. Therefore, Chuang Tzu claims the unity of Mind with Tao, so as to be perfect man. The cultivation of Mind is to preserve man’s life which includes the body and the spirit, humble Mind which includes fasting the Mind and sitting in forgetfulness, and finally see aloneness which is that the Mind transcend the reality and intuitively realize Tao. Thus, man can mount on the truth of Heaven and Earth, ride the changes of the six breaths, and wonder through the boundless.