The Study Of Chuang Tzu's Freedom Thought

There are several meanings of freedom,but there are two most core meaning.One is the so-called Isaiah Berlin 's negative liberty that the people 's own will and actions shelter from others 's limitations and constraints.The other one is the so-called Isaiah Berlin 's positive freedom which refers to self-dominated and self-shots.Although these two core meaning of freedom presented by Isaiah Berlin,in fact they throughout the long cultural tradition of human.In Chinese traditional thought,Chuang Tzu is the man who most have free spirit.Although in the " Chuang Tzu " there is no "freedom" concept,there are many words like " peripateticism " and " tour ",can be seen as the expression of free.Chuang Tzu deeply felt ubiquitous interference and restrictions in reality,but he could do nothing,can not break all restrictions and constraints to obtain freedom,but "relegated to the inner Castle"(said by Isaiah Berlin).Through training effort,enhance his spiritual realm,to get rid of all kinds of interference and restrictions,ultimately get free.I research and analysis the thought of freedom of Chuang Tzu according to the order of background-connotation-dilemma – way–valuation.The main part of this thesis was made up of five aspects:Chapter ?,I mainly discussed the starting point of Chuang Tzu 's thought of freedom,researched on the external social background of feudal hegemony,the cultural tradation background of Jingchu culture.Chapter ?,I explained the ontological basis of Chuang Tzu 's thought of freedom,made a in-depth analysis of “Tao” which was the basis of the thought of freedom and found the relationship between “Tao” and “Freedom”.Futher more,I expounded the connotation of Chuang Tzu 's thought of freedom.In my opinion,Chuang Tzu 's freedom was a kind of unconditional,infinite,eternal absolute freedom,a kind of spiritual freedom and a kind of individual freedom.Chapter ?,I analyzed the restriction to Chuang-tzu s thought of freedom by social reality,It included political power,moral reason and secular utility.The natural life or death,the mean and prejudice and the emotion and desire of individual life also would have an internal impact on freedom.Chapter ?,I mainly discussed about the question that how to realize Chuang Tzu 's ideal of freedom.We should experience the “Tao” by concentration on the mind and sitting in the forgetfulness,consider all things the same in cognition,fate obedience and noninterference on life style.Chapter ?,I made a comprehensive assessment of the value concept on Chuang Tzu 'sthought of freedom.On the one hand,I recogized the positive role of it;On the other hand,pointed out its negative sense.At the meantime,in such an era that culture is diversified and collision of ideas often occurs.Chuang Tzu 's thought of freedom and Marx's view of freedom which is highly praised by the socialist China are bound to meet.Although the two has a completely different era environment and language environment,they can still carry out cross-time dialogue.Chuang Tzu pays attention to the abstract individual freedom,Marx pays attention to the reality human freedom;Chuang Tzu's freedom is a kind of spiritual freedom,Marx's freedom is a kind of practical freedom.In these two areas,the two are complementary.Chuang Tzu pursued the freedom without any dependence,Marx pursue the realization of the kingdom of freedom.On this level of freedom goal,the two are similar.Therefore,the two together contribute to realize the freedom of human.