The Concept Of Fu Lei Spirit Likeness To Read Again

In his career as a translator, Fu Lei worked hard and silently struggled for thirty years for the translation. From thirties of the twentieth century, he translated in total thirty-three books, containing more than five million words. Most of the works are translated from Balzac, Romain Rolland, Voltaire, Merimee etc. The translations works of Balzac are most in demand, and they embody better Fu Lei’s translation technology and art. Fu Lei’s translation breaks a myth 《he lifetime of a translation work is only twenty to thirty years》 brought forth by several experts. He not only left us the works of literary canon translation, but also he introduced the valuable translation theory. The theory of resemblance in spirit posed by Fu lei became a very important theory for translation literature in China in the twentieth century. From the period of reform and opening up, people studied and continue to study constantly Fu Lei’s translation, especially the theory of the resemblance in spirit. The contents of the research begins with simple presentations, and then develop towards the direction more pluralistic.This thesis put the resemblance in spirit as the theoretical basis for study, and the literary canon of translation by Fu Lei,《The Vicar of Tours》 is the study object. It combines the theory and practice to study the theory of the resemblance in spirit. Whether compare Fu Lei’s translation with other translators’translations, whether compare the first published translation with other published retranslations, the research about Fu Lei’s translation was limited in those published versions, but there is not any result of research about the translation manuscripts. However, for the translator, those manuscripts show the traces of thoughts during the translation, and record directly the ideological spark at the beginning and the considerate talent at the end. This thesis chooses these three manuscripts of The Vicar of Tours as research object. The work is to compare the three manuscripts, inspect the process of thought to the choice of words and phrasses, present the skill of translation and reveal the mystery of the resemblance in spirit.This thesis is divided into four chapters, bounded by the introduction and conclusion.The introduction takes stock of his literary creation, the choice of theme analysis, and discusses the structure of thesis. In the first chapter, this thesis simply introduces the concept of literary canon and Fu Lei’s literary canon of tranlation. Literary canon of translation indicates the exceptional translation works in the translation history, or the translations works of masterpieces of world literature, or the foreign literature works that have been canonized in the context of the target language culture. The translated works by Fu lei become literary canon of tranlation thanks to its high artistic and aesthetic value. The resemblance in spirit becomes a very important theory in history of chinese translaton literature.The second chapter presents the problems that translators encounter during the translation; the problems causing the untranslatability of literary works which are the theoretical start of the resemblance in spirit. There is a big difference between French and Chinese language, which cause enormous difficulties for the translation. French is a language that uses a lot of grammatical rules, this high use of grammar, also called the hypotaxis allows to explain the logical order of ideas in the sentence with a linking words (conjunction or relative pronoun); Chinese is a language that uses the context of language, it is called the combination in spirit that determines the style 《cut》, characteristic of spoken discourse. The thoughts of the two countries also have an insurmountable chasm:《Difficulty to communicate mutually and harmoniously》. Concerning culture, Christian culture and the Bible are the important part of Western culture, but traditional chinese religious belief is Buddhism which occupies an important place in the history of China. Different cultures also cause the difficulties. We present some sentences in the novel and some English-French as example. Through the comparison of French and English, French and Chinese, explains the difficulty of translating from French into Chinese.In the third chapter, we think that the resemblance in spirit is the ideal state for translated literature. Therefore we introduce the previous thoughts having relation with the resemblance in spirit, its birth and its development. Firstly, we unravel the development of the resemblance in spirit before Fu Lei. We cite the explanations of Mao Dun, Chen Xiying, Lin Yutang, Zhu Shenghao for 《神韵,传神,神似》， which form the basis for that Fu Lei presente the resemblance in spirit. Then, in the preface of the retranslation of Le Pere Goriot, some experience of translation et some letters for his friend, Fu Lei explains the resemblance in spirit, so we can understand better. And then, we introduce the explanations and discussions by experts from the resemblance in spirit.In the fourth chapter, we use examples to explain the application of the resemblance in spirit in Fu Lei’s literary canon of translaton. This chapter is the most important of this thesis which selects the novel, The Vicar of Tours and Fu Lei’s three manuscripts as the basic of study. Trough the comparison of the first manuscript, second manuscript and the final manuscript, we stuy the resemblance in spirit more deeply. The selected sentences are divided into three parts. The first section summarizes the process of Fu Lei’s translation. For the translator, the manuscript shows the trace of mind during the translation process. It records directly to the spark of original thought and saves the translator’s talent after mature reflection. The second part is the use of chinese words. We find out that Fu Lei liked using chinese idioms, chinese words and chinese proverbs which certainly manifest 《the resemblance in spirit》. The third part is the comparison of the three manuscripts and the Gao Mingkai’s translation. We find out that Fu Lei’s sentence structure is not formalized, but tries to achieve the resemblance in spirit.Based on the above analyzes, the following conclusion can be made:the resemblance in spirit is a concentrated reflection of the artistic poursuit of chinese literature of translation. It sucks the nutrients from the traditional chinese aesthetic culture with which it explains the aesthetic problems of translation. Thanks to the application of the resemblance in spirit, Fu Lei has created a lot of literary canon of translation. Fu Lei’s manuscripts which directly shows the process of the translation and Fu Lei’s skill of application are the new resources to study Fu Lei’s translation. In the same time, Fu Lei’s manuscripts shows us his high artistic culture and his full artistic passion. We can see his serious character and his persistent pursuit for his work. The research about Fu Lei is developing towards the deeper, pluralistic direction, and i twill meet more challenge.