Cognitive Style And Rick Decision-making Features Of Violent Criminals

Since the reform and opening, China’s economic annual growth rate of around 10% keeps basically. With rapid growth of the economy and social development, more and more social problems continue to highlight, Sustained growth of crime become one of the significant contradictions. The first ten years in the 21st century, the number of cases and the number of criminal suspects soared year by year in our country. According to Chinese statistics yearbook (2010 edition) data shows that 2447515 criminal cases were cracked in2009.The number of criminal suspects maintained in 100 million between 2007 and 2009.And the future for quite a long time, the number of cases and the number of criminal suspects continues to substantially increase will be a basic development trend. Therefore, to prevent crime research work will have important practical significance. Criminal behavior how to generate is always the important point of research. Researchers have found that offenders have special personality and cognitive psychological characteristics, Psychological factors is the basis and influencing factors for crime produces, decisions characteristic also has important influence on Crime implementation process.By mean of cluster sampling , 596 violence criminal and 500 undergraduates were investigated with Hidden graphics test to survey cognitive style and Kahneman’s well-known Asian Disease problem、Earthquake relief problem、Gambling problem to measure prospect theory. Through comparing with normal subject we can analysis of psychological characteristics and decision-making characteristic of offenders, providing basis for crime prevention. The s tatistical methods are T-test, ANOVA, chi-square, etc.The main results of this study are as follows:1. The Mean of cognitive style test score is 139.02 and 89.96 respectively for undergraduates and violent criminals, Independent-Samples T-Test have significant difference. (t=20.688,P=0.000)The Mean of cognitive style test score is 92 around for different guilt of violent criminals, the result of one-way ANOVA hasn’t significant difference. (F=0.187,P=0.945)2. Of youth violence criminals in the positive framing, 53.1 %chose the Risk-aversion and 58.5% chose the Risk-seeking in the negative framing. A Chi-square test reveal a significant difference.(X~2=3.945,P=0.047)3. As violent offenders face life rescue problem, whether in positive or negative format, the proportion of risk seeking greater than the proportion of risk aversion, and it is even more risk seeking under negative frame than under positive frame. A Chi-square test reveals a significant difference. (X~2=20.849,p=0.000)4. The result of framing effect display that the field-independent offenders show no framing effect. A Chi-square test do not reveals a significant difference. (X~2=0.940,p=0.332)The result of framing effect show that field-dependence violent criminals display obviously framing effect. A Chi-square test reveals a significant difference. (X~2=9.982,P=0.002)The conclusions of this study are as follows:1. Violent criminals’ cognitive style scores and college students’ are statistically significant differences. The results indicate that violent crime and undergraduates have different cognitive style characteristic, cognitive style characteristics of violent criminals is field-dependence.2. The statistical results explain that different guilt of violence criminal has same information processing methods.3. Compared with undergraduates, violent criminals display obviously framing effect; violent offenders in the face of life issue show higher risk attitude.4. Field-independence cognitive style has no significant influence for framing effect.