The Research Of The First Generation Of China Urban One-Child Families Parents Pension Issues

From the early1970s, our country government started to take the population plan and the management, summoned the delayed marriage and fertility, especially in1980s, the government advocated "one family, one child" policy, followed with the reform and open policy and the social economy rapidly expand, the fertility rate level drops a large scale in a short time. The child-bearing rate gave birth6children equally from the early1970’s each woman, dropped to the replacement level in early1990s, and further fell below the replacement level. since the21st century, the child-bearing rate has maintained at1.8. The fertility rate rapid decline and average life span’s universal extension have caused our country’s population age structure the immense change, especially the population aging. Population aging as a social and economic problem is becoming increasingly serious. Meanwhile, along with the family scale universal reduction, one-child family becomes the urban family predominant type. The city first generation of one-child born in the1975s-1984s, are now experiencing a married age, their parents begin to retire and into an old age, so China’s rapid aging of the population crisis reflected in these one-child parents. The fast aging, family miniaturization and the only son feminism’s reality have caused many men of insight pay attention to the only child family. Not only the only child parents retirement question has the general character which the senior citizen cares for the aged one side, also has it’s unique on the other side. Make the only child family’s retirement research, knew that the only child family, the retirement question’s particularity and the solution necessity, helpful in maintains the social stability and is advantageous in stabilize our country’s birth control basic state policies.Comparing with the countryside, cities are implementing the family planning policy more thorough, thus the urban one-child family pension problems were first appeared. With the industrialization, urbanization and migration, urban one-child families pension problems are more and more necessary to be researched.The thesis uses the Hefei one-child families as the main object of the study. By studying through one-child families and parents of only child born in1970s and1980s to learn the first generation of the one-child parents wishes, needs and problems in cities. The research uses excel and spss data analysis software to collate the survey dates and counts the dates and provides the honest and reliable up-to-date dates of the urban one-child parents. Put forward some feasible suggestions after the profound study of the one-child parents pension problems, such as establishing of the old-aging social security system of one-child families, building a new pension system, enriching the elderly spiritual and cultural lives, advocating the awareness of the self pension of parents, encouraging the people to live with their parents at the nearest places, hoping to provide some references that can effectively solve the pension problems of the urban one-child parents. The whole article is divided into the five sections.The first chapter is the introduction, the main contents include the problems, the literature review, the definitions of the concepts, the basic research methods and the innovation points of the research.The second chapter briefly explains the first generation of one-child families conditions of cities, included the background of the first generation of the single-child families in cities, the characteristics of the first generation of one-child families, the scale of the one-child first generation and those grown-up children overall situation.The third chapter using the dates from the field survey of Hefei of those now grown-up children of the first generation, the discussions include the sampling survey of the whole situation, the survey of the families and family members, the living ways of the one-child aged parents choose and the influencing factors.The fourth chapter use the sampling survey dates to respectively describe the problems faced in the old-aged parents of the first generation of children from the family pension protection aspect, community old-age security aspect and the social old-aged security aspect.The fifth chapter respectively from the country, social, family and individual dimensions to put forward the counter measures of the security of the city aged first generation one-child parents. According to think about the prominent problems, put forward some corresponding counter measures.